Fracking and the Neoliberalization of the Hydro-Social Cycle in Pennsylvania's Marcellus Shale
Fracking and the Neoliberalization of the Hydro-Social Cycle in Pennsylvania's Marcellus Shale
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1936-704x.2012.03104.x
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Stroup, Laura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finewood, Michael;Stroup, Laura
石油和天然气公司正在利用一种有争议的钻井技术，水力压裂法或水力压裂法，来开采宾夕法尼亚州马塞勒斯页岩的非常规天然气储量。水力压裂的潜在影响正在利益相关者之间就其社区内钻井的成本和收益产生尖锐的紧张关系。特别是，由于这一过程使用和降解了数十亿加仑的水，因此在水资源方面出现了许多争议。本文批判性地审视了多尺度新自由主义话语混淆水力压裂对水资源影响的全面理解的方式。我们转向新自由主义环境文献，作为一种方法来解释使水力压裂对资源的影响正常化的经济逻辑，特别是在缺乏有效监管框架的情况下。我们认为，新自由主义支持水力压裂的论点正在（重新）定义人、环境和机构之间的关系，这反过来又使对社区和社区所依赖的资源的影响正常化。
Oil and gas firms are utilizing a controversial drilling technique, hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, to access unconventional natural gas reserves in Pennsylvania's Marcellus Shale. The potential impacts of fracking are creating sharp tensions between stakeholders over the costs and benefits of drilling within their communities. In particular, much contention has emerged over water resources as the process both uses and degrades billions of gallons of water. This paper takes a critical look at the way multi-scale neoliberal discourses obfuscate comprehensive understandings of fracking's effect on water resources. We turn to the neoliberal environments literature as a way to situate the economic logic that normalizes the impacts of fracking on resources, particularly in the absence of an effective regulatory framework. We argue that neoliberal pro-fracking arguments are (re) defining the relationship among people, the environment, and institutions, which in turn normalizes the impacts on communities and the resources on which they depend.