Evidence for a counter-wind current in winter off the southeast coast of China
Evidence for a counter-wind current in winter off the southeast coast of China
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02845279
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发表时间：
1986-12
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Guan Bing-xian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guan Bing-xian
对于浙江、福建、广东近海地区（包括台湾海峡西部和中部）冬季的海流格局，国内外海洋学家一致认为，在偏北季风的强烈影响下，海流（不仅在表层，而且在深层和近底层）随风向西南方向流动。直到五十年代末，科学家们才开始对这样一个传统概念提出质疑。 本文以20多年来对东海和南海现状的研究成果为基础，对现有的各种现有数据进行了全面的重新分析。这些数据包括：1）昼夜锚泊站和系泊浮标的海流测量，主要由中国许多海洋和渔业组织在1959年至1982年间收集； 2）从1910年至1921年期间日本海军舰艇的船舶漂移得出的电流矢量； 3) 由香港水产研究站和国家海洋局在 CSK 和 1975-1976 年期间进行的水文观测推导出来的地转流速度。综合上述资料揭示的证据表明并证实，除了在紧邻海岸的浅层有向西南流动的中国沿岸流外，中国东南沿海冬季还存在一股东北向的逆风流（但当偏北季风加强时，其表层流可能会减弱，甚至被漂流所掩盖）。此外，南海和东海两部分冬季逆风流通过台湾海峡相连。这一建议现已被最近在台湾海峡的观测所证实，即1）1984年释放的海底漂流器（Zhang，1985）和2）1983年部署的海流计系泊装置（Chang，1985）。建议需要在冬季进行详细的现场调查，以填补观测的空白，以进一步证实这一重要的新发现。同时，还应开展动力、数值和实验研究，以更好地了解这种逆风流的机制，及其与南流沿岸流、北流黑潮支等邻近流的变化和相关性。
Regarding the current pattern in winter in the near-sea region of Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong (including the western and central parts of the Taiwan Strait), oceanographers both at home and abroad had considered unanimously that under the intense influence of the northerly monsoon, the current (not only at the surface but also in the deep and near-bottom layers) flows southwestward with the wind. It was not until the end of the fifties that scientists began to question such a traditional concept.In this paper, based on the results of more than 20 years’ studies on the current patterns of the East China and South China Seas, all kinds of current data available are reanalysed comprehensively. These data include: 1) current measurements at day-night anchored stations, and with mooring buoys, collected mostly from 1959 to 1982 by many Chinese oceanographic and fisheries organizations; 2) current vectors derived from the ship-drift of Japanese naval vessels in the period from 1910 to 1921; and 3) geostrophic current velocities deduced from hydrographic observations in the periods of the CSK and 1975–1976 conducted by the Fisheries Research Station, Hong Kong, and the SOA. A combination of all the evidences revealed in the above data suggests and confirms that, besides the China Coastal Current flowing southwestward at a shallow layer of a zone closely adjacent to the coast, there also exists a northeastward counter-wind current in winter off the southeast coast of China (though its surface current may be weakened or even covered up by the drift current when the northerly monsoon strengthens). Furthermore, the two parts of the winter counter-wind current in the South China Sea and the East China Sea are connected through the Taiwan Strait. This suggestion now has been confirmed by the recent observations in the Taiwan Strait, i.e., 1) with sea-bed drifters released in 1984 (Zhang, 1985) and 2) with current meter moorings deployed in 1983 (Chuang, 1985).It is suggested that detailed field investigation in winter for filling the gap of observations should be needed to give further confirmation of this important new finding. At the same time, dynamical, numerical and experimental studies should also be carried out for a better understanding of the mechanism of this counter-wind current, and its variations and correlation with the adjacent currents, such as the southward flowing coastal current and the northward flowing Kuroshio Branch.