Does the increase in ambient CO2 concentration elevate allergy risks posed by oak pollen?
Does the increase in ambient CO2 concentration elevate allergy risks posed by oak pollen?
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DOI：
10.1007/s00484-018-1558-7
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Kim, Baek-Jo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kim, Kyu Rang;Oh, Jae-Won;Kim, Baek-Jo
橡树花粉是韩国的主要呼吸道过敏原，预计橡树的分布将因生态演替和气候变化而增加。气候变化的驱动因素之一是二氧化碳的增加，众所周知，二氧化碳会导致过敏性蛋白质含量升高，从而放大杂草花粉的过敏风险。然而，由于进行长期二氧化碳处理的实验困难，二氧化碳浓度对树木花粉的影响尚不清楚。为了研究锯齿橡树 (Quercus acutissima) 花粉产生对环境 CO2 浓度升高的反应，韩国水原国家林业科学研究所的三个开顶室采用了白天（上午 8 点至下午 6 点）环境 CO(2 ) 浓度（x 1.0，类似于 400 ppm）、x 1.4（类似于 560 ppm）和 x 1.8 （类似于 720 ppm）处理。每个室于 2009 年 9 月种植了三棵锯齿橡树。每个室有一到两棵树在 2016 年成熟开花。每棵树选择五到六朵柳絮，并附上聚乙烯袋来收集花粉粒。计算每棵树的花序总数，并测量每片花序的花粉粒数量和重量。提取并纯化橡树过敏原 Que a 1（Allergon Co.，乌普萨拉，瑞典），制成 ELISA 试剂盒，通过该试剂盒对花粉样品中的抗原水平进行定量。 x 1.4 和 x 1.8 处理的每棵树花粉总数比 x 1.0 处理分别显着增加了 353% 和 1299% (p < 0.001)。 x 1.4 和 x 1.8 处理的致敏蛋白含量也分别显着增加 12% 和 11% (p = 0.011)。 x 1.8处理在花粉产量和致敏蛋白含量方面与x 1.0处理产生显着差异，而x 1.4处理则表现出混合显着性。总之，在不断变化的气候条件下，CO(2) 水平升高的橡树产生的花粉和过敏蛋白的数量明显高于当前空气条件下的水平。
Oak pollen is a major respiratory allergen in Korea, and the distribution of oak trees is expected to increase by ecological succession and climate change. One of the drivers of climate change is increasing CO2, which is also known to amplify the allergy risk of weed pollen by inducing elevated allergenic protein content. However, the impact of CO2 concentration on tree pollen is not clearly understood due to the experimental difficulties in carrying out extended CO2 treatment. To study the response of pollen production of sawtooth oak trees (Quercus acutissima) to elevated levels of ambient CO2, three open-top chambers at the National Institute of Forest Science in Suwon, Korea were utilized with daytime (8 am-6 pm) CO(2 )concentrations of ambient (x 1.0, similar to 400 ppm), x 1.4 (similar to 560 ppm), and x 1.8 (similar to 720 ppm) treatments. Each chamber had three sawtooth oak trees planted in September 2009. One or two trees per chamber matured to bloom in 2016. Five to six catkins were selected per tree and polyethylene bags were attached to collect pollen grains. The total number of catkins per tree was counted and the number and weight of pollen grains per catkin were measured. Oak allergen-Que a 1 (Allergon Co., Uppsala, Sweden)-was extracted and purified to make an ELISA kit by which the antigen levels in the pollen samples were quantified. Total pollen counts per tree of the x 1.4 and x 1.8 treatments showed significant increase of 353 and 1299%, respectively, from the x 1.0 treatment (p < 0.001). Allergenic protein contents at the x 1.4 and x 1.8 treatments also showed significant increase of 12 and 11%, respectively (p = 0.011). The x 1.8 treatment induced significant difference from the x 1.0 treatment in terms of pollen production and allergenic protein content, whereas the x 1.4 treatment showed mixed significance. In summary, the oak trees under the elevated CO(2 )levels, which are expected in the changing climate, produced significantly higher amount of pollen and allergenic protein than under the present air conditions.