Tree frog attachment: mechanisms, challenges, and perspectives.
Tree frog attachment: mechanisms, challenges, and perspectives.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12983-018-0273-x
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
van Leeuwen JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Langowski JKA;Dodou D;Kamperman M;van Leeuwen JL
树蛙有非凡的能力，附着在光滑，粗糙，干燥和潮湿的表面使用他们的多功能脚趾垫。树蛙附着涉及粘液分泌到垫基板间隙，需要适应粘液排水和垫润滑。在这里，我们提出了一个树蛙附着的概述，重点是（一）的形态和材料的趾垫;（二）的功能需求的趾垫所产生的生态，生活方式和遗传学;（三）附着性能的实验数据，如粘附力和摩擦力;（四）在该领域的未来发展的潜在前景。通过回顾已有的数据和观察，我们讨论了依恋的相关机制，并为进一步的研究提出了新的假设。除其他外，我们解决以下问题：毛细血管和流体动力直接或间接地通过促进干附着机制解释脚趾垫的强摩擦？如果摩擦力主要依赖于货车的范德华力（vdW），那么在树蛙生活的潮湿环境中，这些力对粘附力有多大贡献，粘液起什么作用？我们发现，垫的形态和测量的附着性能表明几个附着机制（如毛细管和流体动力学粘附，机械联锁，和VDW力）与情况相关的相对重要性的共同作用。目前的分析模型的毛细管和流体动力学粘附，所引起的分泌的粘液和环境液体，不捕捉这些机制的贡献，在一个全面和准确的方式。我们认为，软垫材料和腹垫表面上的分层表面图案增强了有效的接触面积，并促进间隙闭合的宏观到纳米级排水的间隙液体，这可能会引起一个显着的贡献vdW相互作用树蛙附件。增加对树蛙附着的复杂机制的理解有助于更好地理解其他生物附着系统（例如壁虎和昆虫），并有望刺激广泛的仿生粘合剂应用的发展。本文的在线版本（10.1186/s12983-018-0273-x）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Tree frogs have the remarkable ability to attach to smooth, rough, dry, and wet surfaces using their versatile toe pads. Tree frog attachment involves the secretion of mucus into the pad-substrate gap, requiring adaptations towards mucus drainage and pad lubrication. Here, we present an overview of tree frog attachment, with focus on (i) the morphology and material of the toe pad; (ii) the functional demands on the toe pad arising from ecology, lifestyle, and phylogenetics; (iii) experimental data of attachment performance such as adhesion and friction forces; and (iv) potential perspectives on future developments in the field. By revisiting reported data and observations, we discuss the involved mechanisms of attachment and propose new hypotheses for further research. Among others, we address the following questions: Do capillary and hydrodynamic forces explain the strong friction of the toe pads directly, or indirectly by promoting dry attachment mechanisms? If friction primarily relies on van der Waals (vdW) forces instead, how much do these forces contribute to adhesion in the wet environment tree frogs live in and what role does the mucus play? We show that both pad morphology and measured attachment performance suggest the coaction of several attachment mechanisms (e.g. capillary and hydrodynamic adhesion, mechanical interlocking, and vdW forces) with situation-dependent relative importance. Current analytical models of capillary and hydrodynamic adhesion, caused by the secreted mucus and by environmental liquids, do not capture the contributions of these mechanisms in a comprehensive and accurate way. We argue that the soft pad material and a hierarchical surface pattern on the ventral pad surface enhance the effective contact area and facilitate gap-closure by macro- to nanoscopic drainage of interstitial liquids, which may give rise to a significant contribution of vdW interactions to tree frog attachment. Increasing the comprehension of the complex mechanism of tree frog attachment contributes to a better understanding of other biological attachment systems (e.g. in geckos and insects) and is expected to stimulate the development of a wide array of bioinspired adhesive applications. The online version of this article (10.1186/s12983-018-0273-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Chakraborti, Saurabh;Das, Debasish;Nag, Tapas C.
通讯作者：
Nag, Tapas C.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Autumn, K;Liang, YA;Full, RJ
通讯作者：
Full, RJ
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Chakraborti, S.;Nag, T. C.;De, S. K.
通讯作者：
De, S. K.
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Afferrante, Luciano;Heepe, Lars;Carbone, Giuseppe
通讯作者：
Carbone, Giuseppe
DOI：
10.1007/s00359-016-1069-0
发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bijma NN;Gorb SN;Kleinteich T
通讯作者：
Kleinteich T