Macronutrient balance has opposing effects on cognition and survival in honey bees
Macronutrient balance has opposing effects on cognition and survival in honey bees
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.14143
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发表时间：
2022-07-19
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Shafir, Sharoni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bouchebti, Sofia;Wright, Geraldine A.;Shafir, Sharoni
包括人类在内的脊椎动物的营养不良会影响大脑发育。在生命的早期阶段缺乏蛋白质会严重损害认知能力。在昆虫中，膳食蛋白质缺乏会影响几种生理和行为特征，但目前尚不清楚蛋白质与碳水化合物（P：C）的比例如何同时影响生存和认知能力。我们使用的几何框架的方法来检查的影响，在新出现的蜜蜂的生存，蔗糖的敏感性，学习和记忆的条件反射的喙延伸反应的饮食中的P：C比。饮食中的P：C比例不影响蔗糖敏感性，但它对寿命和认知的影响不同。虽然寿命在P：C比率为1：19时达到峰值，但学习和短期记忆在P：C比率为1：9和1：4时达到峰值。蛋白质缺乏会略微减少蜜蜂的寿命，但会严重损害学习和短期记忆。另一方面，过量的蛋白质大大减少了蜜蜂的寿命，对学习和短期记忆的影响较小。蜜蜂只有在测试前24小时内吃蛋白质饮食（P：C比例为1：9）时才能形成早期长期记忆，而不管之前吃的饮食如何。我们的研究表明，营养会影响蜜蜂的认知能力，但与脊椎动物不同，这些影响可以通过适当的饮食迅速逆转。阅读《华尔街日报》博客上这篇文章的免费简明语言摘要。
Malnutrition in vertebrates, including humans, is known to affect brain development. Protein deprivation in the early stages of life dramatically impairs cognitive abilities. In insects, dietary protein deficiency influences several physiological and behavioural traits, but it is unknown how protein to carbohydrate (P:C) ratio simultaneously affects survival and cognitive performance. We used the geometric framework approach to examine the effects of P:C ratio in the diet of newly emerged honey bees on their survival, sucrose sensitivity, and learning and memory by conditioning of the proboscis extension response. The P:C ratio in the diet did not affect sucrose sensitivity, whereas it affected lifespan and cognition differently. While lifespan peaked at P:C ratio of 1:19, learning and short-term memory peaked at P:C ratios of 1:9 and 1:4. Protein deprivation slightly reduced bee lifespan but highly impaired learning and short-term memory. On the other hand, an excess of protein dramatically reduced bee lifespan with lesser effects on learning and short-term memory. Bees were only able to form an early long-term memory when they had been eating a protein diet (P:C ratio of 1:9) during 24 hr before the test, regardless of the diet eaten previously. Our study shows that nutrition affects honey bee cognitive abilities, but that these effects, unlike in vertebrates, can be quickly reversed with an appropriate diet. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.