Cathepsin K inhibitors for osteoporosis and potential off-target effects.

Cathepsin K inhibitors for osteoporosis and potential off-target effects.
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DOI:
10.1517/13543780902832661
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发表时间:
2009-05
影响因子:
6.1
通讯作者:
Lecaille F
Lecaille F
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brömme D;Lecaille F

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组织蛋白酶K是一种高效的胶原酶,是破骨细胞中表达的主要木瓜蛋白酶样半胱氨酸蛋白酶。组织蛋白酶K在人类和小鼠中的缺陷强调了这种蛋白酶在骨吸收中的核心作用,从而使该酶成为抗吸收性骨质疏松症治疗的有吸引力的靶点。在过去的十年中,已经在开发高效、选择性和口服适用的组织蛋白酶K抑制剂方面做出了巨大努力。这些抑制剂中的一些已经通过了临床前研究,并且目前处于不同进展阶段的临床试验中。抑制剂的开发和临床试验的初步结果揭示了关于化合物的原位特异性及其组织靶向的问题和教训。本文简要介绍了组织蛋白酶K的研究历史,并对组织蛋白酶K抑制剂作为新型抗骨质疏松药物的研究进展进行了讨论。我们还将讨论组织蛋白酶K抑制剂的潜在脱靶效应以及组织蛋白酶K抑制剂在关节炎、动脉粥样硬化、血压调节、肥胖和癌症中的替代应用。
Cathepsin K is a highly potent collagenase and the predominant papain-like cysteine protease expressed in osteoclasts. Cathepsin K deficiencies in humans and mice have underlined the central role of this protease in bone resorption and thus rendered the enzyme an attractive target for anti-resorptive osteoporosis therapy. Within the last decade, great efforts have been made in developing highly potent, selective, and orally applicable cathepsin K inhibitors. Some of these inhibitors have passed preclinical studies and are presently in clinical trials at different stages of advancement. The development of the inhibitors and preliminary results of the clinical trials revealed problems and lessons concerning the in situ specificity of the compounds and their tissue targeting. In this review, we will briefly summarize the history of cathepsin K research and will discuss the current development of cathepsin K inhibitors as novel anti-resorptives for the treatment of osteoporosis. We will also discuss potential off-target effects of cathepsin K inhibition and alternative applications of cathepsin K inhibitors in arthritis, atherosclerosis, blood pressure regulation, obesity, and cancer.
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