Development and validation of a habitat suitability model for the non-indigenous seagrass Zostera japonica in North America.
Development and validation of a habitat suitability model for the non-indigenous seagrass Zostera japonica in North America.
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北美非本土海草大叶藻栖息地适宜性模型的开发和验证。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Davis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Shafer;T. Swannack;C. Saltus;J. Kaldy;A. Davis
我们建立了一个空间明确的生境适宜性模型，可用于识别和预测非本地矮鳗草（Zostera japonica）入侵的高风险区域。基于生态位的模型基于原始文献的生态学和生理学，使用简单、容易获得的环境参数（深度、近岸坡度和盐度）来定量描述适合日本卷虫入侵的栖息地。生境适宜性的定义范围从0到1，其中1表示最有利于粳稻生长的地区，0表示不可能支持粳稻生长的地区。我们先验地开发了ZJHSM的功能形式和方程，并通过与美国俄勒冈州亚奎纳湾（Yaquina Bay）多年独立野外采集的空间粳稻地图进行比较验证了该模型，该地区在过去20年里有很好的粳稻扩展记录。通过敏感性分析评估各参数对模型预测的贡献，发现深度是最重要的因素。潮间带中上游是日本刺槐适宜度最高的区域，河口下游的适宜度较大。虽然河口上游确实有适宜的生境，但由于水深不适宜、潮间带坡度较大、盐度较低等原因，大部分面积不如河口下游大。最低适宜性值出现在亚奎纳河河道下游潮间带以下。浅层倾斜的潮间带软底沉积物似乎为该物种提供了最佳栖息地。这一模型将使资源管理者能够识别那些未来有入侵风险的地区，并制定积极的计划，以限制在目前没有发生入侵的地区进一步引入和传播的机会。
We developed a spatially-explicit, habitat suitability model that can be used to identify and predict areas at higher risk for non-native dwarf eelgrass (Zostera japonica) invasion. The niche-based model uses simple readily available environmental parameters (depth, near shore slope, and salinity) to quantitatively describe habitat suitable for Z. japonica invasion based on ecology and physiology from the primary literature. Habitat suitability is defined with values ranging from zero to one, where one denotes areas most conducive to Z. japonica and zero denotes areas not likely to support Z. japonica growth. Functional forms and equations for the ZJHSM were developed a priori, and the model was validated by comparison with multiple years of independent field-collected spatial Z. japonica maps from Yaquina Bay, Oregon, USA, an area that has well documented Z. japonica expansion over the last two decades. Sensitivity analysis performed to evaluate the contribution of each parameter to the model prediction revealed that depth was the most important factor. The highest suitability values for Z. japonica occurred in the mid to upper portions of the intertidal zone, with larger expanses occurring in the lower estuary. While the upper estuary did contain suitable habitat, most areas were not as large as in the lower estuary, due to inappropriate depth, a steeply sloping intertidal zone, and lower salinity. The lowest suitability values occurred below the lower intertidal zone, within the Yaquina River channel. Shallow sloping intertidal soft-bottom sediments appear to provide optimum habitat for this species. This model would allow resource managers to identify those areas at risk for future invasion, and develop proactive plans for limiting the opportunities for further introduction and spread in areas where it does not currently occur.