HIV testing and the role of individual- and structural-level barriers and facilitators
HIV testing and the role of individual- and structural-level barriers and facilitators
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DOI：
10.1080/09541020512331325653
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发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Batson, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bond, L;Lauby, J;Batson, H
这项研究确定了艾滋病毒感染高危异性恋男性和女性社区样本中艾滋病毒检测的总体流行率，并分析了特定性别的个人和结构层面的检测障碍和促进因素。数据是通过 1999 年至 2000 年间在费城进行的 1,643 次个人访谈收集的。总体而言，79.4% 的参与者曾经接受过 HIV 检测；女性比男性更有可能接受检测。在我们检查的个人层面因素中，很少有因素，包括性行为和吸毒风险行为，与接受艾滋病毒检测的可能性增加显着相关。结构层面的因素是女性和男性艾滋病毒检测的重要相关因素。这项研究的结果表明，检测的相关性存在基于性别的相似性和差异，增加艾滋病毒检测的努力必须考虑结构性因素（包括获得医疗保健的机会）如何阻碍或促进艾滋病毒检测的机会。特别是，提高高危异性恋男性接受艾滋病毒检测的努力应侧重于改善男性获得和利用常规医疗保健的机会。
This study determined the overall prevalence of HIV testing within a community sample of heterosexual men and women at high risk for HIV infection, and analysed the gender-specific individual- and structural-level barriers and facilitators to testing. Data were collected through 1,643 personal interviews conducted in Philadelphia between 1999 and 2000. Overall, 79.4% of participants had ever taken an HIV test; women were significantly more likely to have tested than were men. Among the individual- level factors we examined, very few, including sexual and drug-using risk behaviours, were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of ever being tested for HIV. Structural-level factors were important correlates of HIV testing for both women and men. Results of this study indicate that there are gender-based similarities and differences in the correlates of testing, and that efforts to increase HIV testing must consider how structural factors, including access to health care, may deter or facilitate opportunities for HIV testing. In particular, efforts to improve the uptake of HIV testing by heterosexual men at high risk should focus on improving men's access to, and utilization of, routine health care.