Vasopressin and oxytocin in stress
Vasopressin and oxytocin in stress
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44681.x
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发表时间：
1995-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Vigas, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jezova, D;Skultetyova, I;Vigas, M
虽然催产素和抗利尿激素在结构上相似，并且在相同的大脑区域产生，但它们在压力条件下表现出特定的反应。在人类中，在许多急性应激情况下，外周血抗利尿激素的增加似乎是一致的发现，而在大鼠中，抗利尿激素的分泌对几种已知诱导ACTH和儿茶酚胺释放的刺激没有反应。甚至在压力下抗利尿激素水平也有所下降。根据其他人的研究，我们观察到加压素的释放在高渗盐水注射等渗透性成分的应激刺激下增强，也在大鼠暴露于温暖环境时增强。据报道，在慢性肾上腺素脱髓大鼠中，固定应激不能诱导抗利尿激素释放，可增加下丘脑抗利尿激素mRNA和血浆抗利尿激素水平。与抗利尿激素不同，催产素可以被认为是一种典型的应激激素，对渗透和其他应激刺激作出反应。我们发现，大鼠急性暴露于固定应激导致催产素mRNA水平升高。此外，我们已经表明，室旁核的大细胞神经元，而不是视上核，是在固定应激时释放催产素的必要条件。垂体后叶激素的释放是应激反应的重要组成部分。
Though oxytocin and vasopressin are similar in structure and are produced in the same brain regions, they show specific responses under stress conditions. In humans, increases in peripheral blood vasopressin appear to be a consistent finding during many acute stress situations, while in rats, vasopressin secretion is unresponsive to several stimuli known to induce ACTH and catecholamine release. Even decreases in vasopressin levels during stress were described. In accordance with others, we observed enhanced vasopressin release in response to stress stimuli with an osmotic component such as hypertonic saline injection but also during exposure of rats to a warm environment. Immobilization stress which fails to induce vasopressin release was reported to increase hypothalamic vasopressin mRNA and plasma vasopressin levels in chronically adreno-demedullated rats. Unlike vasopressin, oxytocin may be considered a typical stress hormone responding to osmotic as well as other stress stimuli. We found that acute exposure of rats to immobilization stress resulted in an increase in oxytocin mRNA level. In addition, we have shown that magnocellular neurons of the paraventricular nucleus, but not the supraoptic nucleus, are essential for oxytocin release during immobilization stress. The release of posterior pituitary hormones represents an important component of the stress response.