Revealing the Traces of Median Filtering Using High-Order Local Ternary Patterns
Revealing the Traces of Median Filtering Using High-Order Local Ternary Patterns
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DOI：
10.1109/lsp.2013.2295858
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发表时间：
2014-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Yujin Zhang;Shenghong Li;Shilin Wang;Yun-Qing Shi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yujin Zhang;Shenghong Li;Shilin Wang;Yun-Qing Shi
近年来，检测由内容保留图像处理引入的痕迹受到了法医分析人员的广泛关注。众所周知，中值滤波是一种应用广泛的非线性去噪算子。因此，中值滤波检测在图像取证中具有重要的现实意义。本文提出了一种新的局部纹理算子，称为二阶局部三元模式（LTP），用于中值滤波检测。该局部纹理算子利用3值编码函数对局部导数方向变化进行编码，能够有效捕获中值滤波引起的局部纹理变化。此外，利用核主成分分析（KPCA）来降低所提出的特征集的维数，使计算成本易于管理。实验结果表明，该方案比目前研究的几种最先进的方法性能更好。
Recently, detecting the traces introduced by the content-preserving image manipulations has received a great deal of attention from forensic analyzers. It is well known that the median filter is a widely used nonlinear denoising operator. Therefore, the detection of median filtering is of important realistic significance in image forensics. In this letter, a novel local texture operator, named the second-order local ternary pattern (LTP), is proposed for median filtering detection. The proposed local texture operator encodes the local derivative direction variations by using a 3-valued coding function and is capable of effectively capturing the changes of local texture caused by median filtering. In addition, kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) is exploited to reduce the dimensionality of the proposed feature set, making the computational cost manageable. The experiment results have shown that the proposed scheme performs better than several state-of-the-art approaches investigated.