Novel wireless pervasive sensor network to improve the understanding of noise in street canyons
Novel wireless pervasive sensor network to improve the understanding of noise in street canyons
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apacoust.2012.07.007
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Galatioto, Fabio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bell, Margaret Carol;Galatioto, Fabio
本文介绍了纽卡斯尔大学在MESSAGE（跨网格环境移动环境传感系统）项目中开发的多达50个新型无线无处不在传感器阵列应用的第一批结果，这些传感器被称为motes。这些微粒测量噪音、一氧化碳、二氧化氮、温度、湿度和交通占用/流量。该系统具有无线通信（使用ZigBee标准），允许数据从一个点到另一个点（静态或动态）的菊花链到路由器技术，将数据转发到网关。这将数据通过GPRS（或硬连线网络链接）实时捕获到城市交通管理和控制兼容的数据库中。在简要讨论了与噪声暴露相关的健康影响和政策背景之后，通过在莱斯特（英国）和巴勒莫（意大利）的单独部署，演示了使用无处不在的传感器阵列测量城市地区噪声的概念的验证和证明。这些mote可以提供实时的每分钟噪声数据[单位dB(A)]，而且它们的低成本和小体积意味着它们可以广泛部署。从这两个应用中，结果清楚地显示了这些记录在测量噪音水平和提高对交通流特征对繁忙城市街道噪音水平每分钟变化的影响的理解方面的潜力。通过标准差测量的一分钟LAeq噪声水平分布显示出一致但不同的特征，这取决于三个测量集群中的哪一个，主要拥挤道路和通风良好的交通繁忙的次要道路，繁忙道路没有声学屏蔽的第三道路和最后的住宅街道。提出了预测关系，该关系允许根据噪声水平预期标准偏差的大小。研究结果展示了一种测量系统和预测方法，为探索更合适的噪音参数提供了潜力，这些参数将人类对交通相关噪音的反应联系起来。(C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
This paper presents the first results of the application of an array of up to 50 novel wireless pervasive sensors, referred to as motes, developed at Newcastle University in the project, MESSAGE (Mobile Environmental Sensing System Across Grid Environments). The motes measure noise, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, temperature, humidity and traffic occupancy/flow. The system has wireless communication (using ZigBee standard) to allow daisy-chaining of data from mote to mote (either static or dynamic) to router technology which forwards the data into a gateway. This passes the data through GPRS (or hard wired web link) to be captured in real-time into an Urban Traffic Management and Control, compliant database. Following a brief discussion of the health impacts associated with noise exposure and the policy context, the validation and proof of concept of the use of a pervasive sensor array to measure noise in an urban area is demonstrated through separate deployments in Leicester (UK) and Palermo (Italy). The motes provide real-time minute by minute, noise data [Leg in dB(A)] and their low cost and small size means that they can be pervasively deployed. From the two applications the results clearly show the potential of these motes to measure noise levels and to improve the understanding of the effect of traffic flow characteristics on the minute by minute variation in noise levels in busy urban streets. The distribution of one minute LAeq noise levels measured by the standard deviation were shown to exhibit consistent but different characteristics depending which of three measurement clusters, primary congested road and well ventilated secondary roads with busy traffic, tertiary roads without acoustic screening from busy roads and finally residential streets. Predictive relationships which allow the magnitude of the standard deviation to be expected depending on the noise level are presented. The results demonstrated a measurement system and predictive method that offers potential to explore more suitable noise parameters that correlate the human response to traffic related noise. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.