Anatomic dead space in infants and children
Anatomic dead space in infants and children
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DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1996.80.5.1485
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发表时间：
1996-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Newth, CJL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Numa, AH;Newth, CJL
成人的解剖死腔为 2.2 ml/kg。由于婴儿和儿童的头部尺寸相对较大，我们假设儿科受试者的胸腔外以及总死腔相对较大。通过“排水”技术对 40 名年龄 7 天至 14.2 岁的患者进行了胸腔外死腔测量，这些患者均插有带套囊的气管插管。通过连续分析 10 名年龄为 18 天至 14.7 岁的患者的呼气末和混合呼出 PCO2 以及每分钟通气量来测量胸腔内死腔。每公斤胸外死腔随着年龄的增长呈指数下降，从婴儿早期的2.3毫升/公斤到6岁以上儿童的0.8毫升/公斤。平均胸腔内解剖死腔为 1.03 ml/kg，与年龄无关。得出总解剖死腔 (DStotal；单位为 ml/kg) 和年龄（单位为 yr）之间的以下关系：DStotal = 3.28 - 0.56 [ln(1 + 年龄)]，其中 r = 0.95，P = 0.0001。解剖死腔与年龄相关，在婴儿早期>3 ml/kg。
In adults, anatomic dead space is 2.2 ml/kg. Because of the relatively large head size of infants and children, we hypothesized that extrathoracic and, therefore, total dead space would be relatively larger in pediatric subjects. Extrathoracic dead space was measured by a ''water displacement'' technique in 40 patients aged 7 days to 14.2 yr who were intubated with cuffed endotracheal tubes. Intrathoracic dead space was measured by continuous analysis of end-tidal and mixed-expired PCO2 and minute ventilation in 10 patients, aged 18 days to 14.7 yr. Extrathoracic dead space per kilogram decreased exponentially with increasing age, ranging from 2.3 ml/kg in early infancy to 0.8 ml/kg in children older than 6 yr. Mean intrathoracic anatomic dead space was 1.03 ml/kg and was not related to age. The following relationship between total anatomic dead space (DStotal; in ml/kg) and age (in yr) is derived: DStotal = 3.28 - 0.56 [ln(1 + Age)], with r = 0.95 and P = 0.0001. Anatomic dead space is age dependent and is >3 ml/kg in early infancy.