Intergroup Behavior
Intergroup Behavior
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群体间行为
DOI：
10.1093/acrefore/9780190236557.013.291
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Dovidio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aharon Levy;J. Dovidio
群际行为涉及群体及其成员对另一群体及其成员的感觉、感知、信念和行动。它经常涉及各种形式的偏见，如偏见（负面情绪和评价），刻板印象（对群体及其成员的信念）和歧视（不公平待遇）。然而，群体间偏见并不一定要求对另一个群体有明显的负面取向。这种偏见可能反映了对自己群体（内群体）成员的有利态度和对他们的优惠待遇，而不是对其他群体（外群体）的敌意或虐待。群际行为也可以是积极的，代表合作（有利于内群和外群的行为和交换）或亲社会行为（改善另一个群体及其成员福利的行动）。群体间行为的本质是由与社会分类相关的心理过程、群体成员的身份和动机以及群体之间的关系决定的。这些过程适用于几乎任何类型的群体，包括但不限于工作团队、组织内的部门、公司、体育俱乐部、民族、国家、宗教和种族。了解群体间关系的心理动力可以指导干预措施的发展，以实现群体及其成员之间稳定，建设性和互利的交流。
Intergroup behavior involves the feelings, perceptions, beliefs, and actions that groups and their members have toward another group and its members. It frequently involves various forms of bias, such as prejudice (negative feelings and evaluations), stereotypes (beliefs about groups and their members), and discrimination (unfair treatment). However, intergroup bias does not necessarily require overtly negative orientations toward another group. Such bias may reflect favorable attitudes toward members of one’s own group (the ingroup) and preferential treatment of them, rather than hostility or ill-treatment of other groups (outgroups). Intergroup behavior can also be positive, representing cooperation (conduct and exchange that benefits both the ingroup and the outgroup) or prosocial behavior (actions that improve the welfare of another group and its members). The nature of intergroup behavior is determined by psychological processes associated with social categorization, by the identification and motivations of group members, and by the consequent relationship between groups. These processes apply to almost any type of group, including but not limited to work teams, divisions within an organization, companies, sport clubs, ethnic groups, countries, religions, and races. Understanding the psychological dynamics of intergroup relations can guide the development of interventions to achieve stable, constructive, and mutually beneficial exchanges between groups and their members.