Household car adoption and financial distress in deprived urban communities: A case of forced car ownership?
Household car adoption and financial distress in deprived urban communities: A case of forced car ownership?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.01.002
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Kearns, Ade
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Curl, Angela;Clark, Julie;Kearns, Ade
本文探讨了城市贫困社区居民的汽车拥有量与经济状况之间的关系。关于汽车意味着地位和收入的假设，通过对汽车拥有者特征的研究而变得有问题。我们认为，尽管收入低、经济困难，但对一些城市居民来说，汽车可能是一种必需品。使用2006年至2011年期间、经济衰退之前、期间和之后从格拉斯哥社区收集的横断面和纵向调查数据，分析了汽车拥有量和采用率的模式。汽车拥有率上升，因为采用汽车的人比放弃汽车的人多。家庭汽车采用的可能性受到家庭规模变化、与住房成本相关的财务困难增加以及家庭拥有工作的地方的影响。一小部分但不断增长的家庭(到2011年上升到8.5%)因为拥有一辆车而被认为是被迫拥有汽车的人，尽管他们也报告了经济困难：在这一群体中，四分之三的人在经济困难的情况下仍有车，四分之一的人在经济困难的情况下养了车。研究结果表明，贫困家庭在经济压力下不愿放弃汽车以缓解经济困难，而且对一些人来说，买一辆车可能被视为改善生活状况的必要手段。在这两种情况下，我们都看不到有证据表明可持续交通议程正在惠及处境不利的社区，而且有人担心，再生战略未能通过交通政策促进贫困社区的机动性和可及性。
This paper explores the relationship between car ownership and financial circumstances for people living in disadvantaged urban communities. Assumptions about cars signifying status and income are problematised by an examination of the characteristics of those who adopt cars. We consider the possibility that, despite low incomes and financial problems, cars may be a necessity for some urban dwellers. Patterns of car ownership and adoption are analysed using cross-sectional and longitudinal survey data collected from communities in Glasgow, between 2006 and 2011, before, during and after the recession. Car ownership rates increased, as more people adopted a car than relinquished vehicles. The likelihood of household car adoption was influenced by changes in household size, increased financial difficulties in relation to housing costs, and where householders gained work. A small but growing proportion of households (up to 8.5% by 2011) are deemed 'forced car owners' by virtue of owning a car despite also reporting financial difficulties: three-quarters of this group maintain a car despite financial problems whilst a quarter adopt a car despite financial problems. Findings suggest that poor households are reluctant to relinquish their cars to ease money problems when under financial stress and that, for some, acquiring a car may be seen as necessary to better their circumstances. In neither case can we see evidence that the sustainable transport agenda is reaching disadvantaged communities and there are concerns that regeneration strategies are failing to promote mobility and accessibility for poor communities via transport policies.