Importance and evidence of regular physical activity for prevention and treatment of diseases
Importance and evidence of regular physical activity for prevention and treatment of diseases
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DOI：
10.1055/s-0033-1349606
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Loellgen, H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loellgen, H.
久坐的生活方式已被证明对发病率和死亡率有负面影响。相比之下，大量关于定期体育锻炼效果的前瞻性队列研究显示出积极的效果。因此，体育训练是当今内科预防和治疗的重要组成部分。本综述基于meta分析和综述论文的文献研究。有规律的体育锻炼或训练是预防和治疗心脏、心血管和肺部疾病、糖尿病、肾脏疾病和癌症等疾病的重要和循证的部分。训练效果的证据大多是高分。体育活动或运动训练在许多疾病中被视为药物——类似于药物。它在急性治疗后作为标准药物治疗的一个组成部分应用。有一个非线性的剂量反应效应，心理方面和一些副作用需要考虑。总之，体育锻炼是一种高效的药物，应该用于治疗许多疾病。训练建议是指训练的种类、持续时间、强度、频率和增加程度。
A sedentary lifestyle has been shown to have negative effects on morbidity and mortality. In contrast, a large number of prospective cohort studies on the effects of regular physical activity demonstrated positive effects. Therefore, physical training is today an essential part of prevention and therapy in internal medicine. This review is based on literature research in meta-analysis and review papers. Regular physical exercise or training is a significant and evidence-based part of prevention and therapy of diseases such as heart, cardiovascular and lung diseases, diabetes mellitus, renal disease and cancer. Evidence of training effects is mostly high grade. Physical activity or exercise training is indicated in many diseases as medicine - similar as a drug. It is applied after acute treatment as a component of the standard drug therapy. There is a non-linear dose-response effect, psychological aspects and some side-effects need to be considered. In conclusion, physical exercise acts as a highly efficient drug, and should be used in many diseases. Training recommendations refer to the kind, the duration, the intensity, the frequency and the increase of training.