Gender stereotyping in state executive elections: Candidate selection and success
Gender stereotyping in state executive elections: Candidate selection and success
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DOI：
10.1111/1468-2508.00214
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Oxley, ZM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fox, RL;Oxley, ZM
对性别陈规定型观念的研究发现，选民根据候选人的性别将某些信念和特征归因于候选人。这项研究的大部分依赖于实验数据，并审查刻板印象只在选民的决策。相比之下，我们研究州行政办公室选举，以确定是否刻板印象影响候选人的选择和成功。国家行政选举是研究性别陈规定型观念的理想选择，因为许多办公室侧重于与男女候选人的陈规定型能力相对应的具体政策问题。我们发现相当多的支持，我们的期望之间的互动候选人性别和办公室类型的候选人选择：妇女不太可能运行的办公室是不符合其定型的优势，并在1990年开始，有点更有可能运行的定型一致的办公室。然而，就候选人的成功而言，我们并没有发现女性获胜的可能性在不同的办公室类型之间有很大的差异。最后，我们的工作表明，在候选人选择过程中，陈规定型观念比以前记录的更有可能，并强烈建议我们必须更密切地审查妇女成为民选职位候选人的过程。
Research on gender stereotypes has found that voters ascribe certain beliefs and traits to candidates based on the candidate's sex. Most of this research relies on experimental data and examines stereotyping solely in terms of voter decision making. In contrast, we examine state executive office elections to determine if stereotypes influence both candidate selection and success. State executive elections are ideal for studying gender stereotypes as many of the offices focus on specific policy issues that correspond with stereotypical competencies of male and female candidates. We find considerable support for our expectation of an interaction between candidate sex and office type in candidate selection: women are less likely to run for offices that are inconsistent with their stereotypical strengths and, beginning in 1990, somewhat more likely to run for stereotypically consistent offices. In terms of candidate success, however, we do not find that women's likelihood of winning varies strongly across office types. Ultimately, our work demonstrates that stereotyping is more likely during candidate selection than has previously been documented, and strongly suggests that we must examine more closely the processes by which women become candidates for elective office.