Muscle tissue in obesity with different distribution of adipose tissue. Effects of physical training.
Muscle tissue in obesity with different distribution of adipose tissue. Effects of physical training.
复制标题
肥胖时的肌肉组织与脂肪组织的分布不同。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
P. Björntorp
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Krotkiewski;P. Björntorp
具有相同体脂量的肥胖男性和女性，以及另一项研究中的肥胖女性，被分为男性或女性类型的体脂分布组，但同样具有相似的体脂量。在受控条件下进行体育训练之前和之后，对参与者进行了身体成分测量，包括肌肉纤维分布以及循环和代谢变量。与年龄和体脂匹配的肥胖女性相比，肥胖男性的瘦体重、血压、血糖和血浆胰岛素、C肽、胆固醇和甘油三酯浓度较高。男性型脂肪组织分布的肥胖女性与女性型脂肪组织分布的女性相比，显示出相同的差异（胆固醇除外）。男性型肥胖的女性在葡萄糖钳夹试验中也有更多的胰岛素抵抗，并有男性型的肌纤维分布。在肥胖男性组中，体育锻炼导致体脂减少，瘦体重进一步增加，快收缩、有氧型、肌纤维增加，血浆胰岛素、胆固醇和甘油三酯浓度降低，血压降低。男性型肥胖女性的脂肪组织分布对体育锻炼的反应基本上与男性相似。胰岛素敏感性提高到与女性型脂肪组织分布的肥胖妇女相同的水平。相比之下，后者的女性在训练后显示出身体脂肪的增加和代谢的改善。这些结果表明，男性型肥胖女性的体脂分布也具有男性的肌肉质量、形态和功能特征。这表明，与这种情况相关的肥胖症并发症的改善，因为适应负能量平衡，结合改善肌肉质量的胰岛素敏感性的体育训练。相反，女性型脂肪组织分布的肥胖女性在体育锻炼期间未能适应负能量平衡，这可能解释了她们在体育锻炼期间未能减少体脂和改善代谢。
Obese men and women with the same body fat mass, as well as obese women in another study, were divided into groups with male or female type of body fat distribution, but again with similar body fat mass. The participants were examined with measurements of body composition, including muscle fiber distribution, as well as circulatory and metabolic variables before and after physical training under controlled conditions. Obese men had higher lean body mass, blood pressure, blood glucose and plasma insulin, C-peptide, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations than age- and body fat-matched obese women. Obese women with male type of adipose tissue distribution showed the same differences (except cholesterol) in comparisons with women with female type of adipose tissue distribution. The women with male type obesity were also more insulin resistant in glucose clamp measurements, and had male type of muscle fiber distribution. Physical training in the group of obese men resulted in a decrease of body fat, a further increase of lean body mass, an increase of fast twitch, aerobic type, muscle fibres as well as lower plasma insulin, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations and lower blood pressure. Obese women with male type distribution of adipose tissue responded to physical training essentially like men. The insulin sensitivity was improved to the same level as in obese women with female type of adipose tissue distribution. In contrast, the latter women showed an increase of body fat and no metabolic improvements after training. These results show that obese women with male type of body fat distribution also have male characteristics of muscle mass, morphology and function. It is suggested that the obesity complications associated with this condition are improved by physical training because of an adaptation to a negative energy balance, in combination with an improvement of insulin sensitivity of the muscle mass. In contrast, the failure of obese women with female type of adipose tissue distribution to adapt to a negative energy balance during physical training is probably explaining their failure to decrease body fat and to improve metabolism during physical training.