Burial and exhumation of the Eisenhower Range, Transantarctic Mountains, based on thermochronological, sedimentary rock maturity and petrographic constraints

Burial and exhumation of the Eisenhower Range, Transantarctic Mountains, based on thermochronological, sedimentary rock maturity and petrographic constraints
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基于热年代学、沉积岩成熟度和岩相限制的艾森豪威尔山脉、横贯南极山脉的埋藏和挖掘

DOI:
10.1016/j.tecto.2014.05.020
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Spiegel
Spiegel
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Prenzel;Lisker;Elsner;Schöner;Balestrieri;Läufer;Berner;Spiegel

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艾森豪威尔山脉是横贯南极山脉 (TAM) 中南北走向的山脉,毗邻西北罗斯海海湾。来自垂直基底剖面的新 AFT 和磷灰石 (U-Th-Sm)/He (AHe) 数据辅以来自 Beacon 砂岩的古温度和压力估计,提供了区域埋藏演化的新定量结果以及盆地反转和折返过程的第一个区域约束。 32 ± 2 至 259 ± 18 Ma 之间的 AFT 年龄和 37 ± 3–173 ± 16 Ma 之间的 AHe 年龄与样本海拔呈正相关。这些数据的热历史模型和补充热指示检测到费拉尔岩浆活动后艾森豪威尔山脉古地表的温度加热到 ≥ 80 °C,并限制始新世晚期的快速冷却。模拟古气温对样本海拔的回归是指高侏罗纪(~ 45°C/km)和中等白垩纪-始新世(28±8°C/km)地温梯度。 Beacon 砂岩的结构支持强烈的机械压实,需要比地层记录中保存的更高的覆盖层。模拟的古温度和压力表明,地下室埋藏量从晚侏罗世(0.7-1.1 公里)到始新世(1.8-2.1 公里)不断增加。覆盖层包括 0.7–1.1 公里累积的 Beacon/Ferrar 岩石和 0.7–1.4 公里的费拉尔后沉积物。整个样品组在约 35 到 30 Ma 之间的快速冷却意味着费拉尔后沉积物的快速侵蚀和下面岩浆岩的(重新)暴露。随后样品冷却至当前表面温度的差异表明,冰川切割正在进行折返,而盆地反转的均衡响应增强了冰川切割的作用。从海岸(> 3 公里)向内陆(1.5-2.2 公里)的折返量减少,表明沿断层控制的普里斯特利冰川后退切口。因此,自晚始新世以来,艾森豪威尔山脉的大量折返是由构造和气候因素触发的,并在初始折返阶段叠加了相当大的岩性影响。
The Eisenhower Range is a N–S trending mountain range in the Transantarctic Mountains (TAM) adjacent to the NW Ross Sea Embayment. New AFT and apatite (U–Th–Sm)/He (AHe) data from vertical basement profiles supplemented by paleotemperature and pressure estimates derived from Beacon sandstones provide new quantitative results on regional burial evolution and first regional constraints on basin inversion and exhumation processes. AFT ages between 32 ± 2 and 259 ± 18 Ma and AHe ages of 37 ± 3–173 ± 16 Ma correlate positively with sample elevations. Thermal history modeling of these data and complementary thermal indications detect heating of the paleosurface on the Eisenhower Range to temperatures ≥ 80 °C subsequent to Ferrar magmatism, and constrain Late Eocene rapid cooling. Regression of modeled paleotemperatures against sample elevations refers to a high Jurassic (~ 45 °C/km) and a moderate Cretaceous–Eocene (28 ± 8 °C/km) geothermal gradient. The texture of Beacon sandstones supports strong mechanical compaction that requires a higher overburden than preserved in the stratigraphic record. Modeled paleotemperatures and pressures suggest basement burial that increases from Late Jurassic (0.7–1.1 km) to Eocene (1.8–2.1 km). The overburden comprises 0.7–1.1 km cumulative Beacon/Ferrar rocks and 0.7–1.4 km of post-Ferrar sediments. Rapid cooling of the whole sample suite between ~ 35 and 30 Ma implies fast erosion of the post-Ferrar sediments and (re-) exposure of underlying magmatic rocks. Subsequent differential sample cooling to present-day surface temperature infers ongoing exhumation by glacial incision enhanced by isostatic response to basin inversion. Decreasing amounts of exhumation from the coast (> 3 km) toward the interior (1.5–2.2 km) point to backstepping incision along the fault controlled Priestley Glacier. Substantial exhumation of the Eisenhower Range since the Late Eocene is hence triggered by both tectonic and climatic factors, superimposed by considerable lithological influence during the initial exhumation stage.
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