The role of psychosocial factors in exclusive breastfeeding to six months postpartum
The role of psychosocial factors in exclusive breastfeeding to six months postpartum
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DOI：
10.1016/j.midw.2013.07.008
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Skouteris, Helen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Jager, Emily;Broadbent, Jaclyn;Skouteris, Helen
目的：调查与产后六个月纯母乳喂养能力相关的心理社会变量。此外，为了评估纯母乳喂养持续时间的心理社会相关性的概念模型。设计：在线回顾性调查问卷。设置：调查问卷放置在网上，参与者通过社交网站访问，包括与母乳喂养、母亲和养育有关的群体。参与者还可以与自己的网络共享链接。这种在线环境促进了广泛的澳大利亚和国际参与者的招募。参与者：174 名年龄在 18 岁及以上且在六个月至两年前生育过的女性。参与者完成了一份在线调查问卷，要求他们报告三个时间点：怀孕前、怀孕期间和产后前六个月。数据收集时间为2011年6月至12月。测量：使用经过心理测量验证的工具，如母乳喂养自我效能量表、身体态度问卷、抑郁焦虑和压力量表、胎儿健康控制点量表和简短的COPE量表来测量社会心理变量。研究人员开发了额外的量表，并满足量表的可靠性标准。结果：使用相关分析、t检验和通径分析对数据进行统计分析。结果显示，产后六个月纯母乳喂养的女性表现出更高的纯母乳喂养意愿、母乳喂养自我效能、在公共场合母乳喂养的舒适度、体力感知和报告的母乳喂养困难较少。路径分析表明，母乳喂养自我效能是纯母乳喂养意愿和持续时间的有力预测因素。母亲对怀孕的态度（怀孕期间和产后）、心理调整和早期母乳喂养困难也被发现是纯母乳喂养意愿和持续时间的显着预测因素。 主要结论：心理社会因素可能在产后六个月维持纯母乳喂养中发挥重要作用。未来的研究应采用前瞻性研究设计，系统、严格地考察心理社会因素的影响。对实践的启示：需要纵向、前瞻性研究来进一步考察心理社会因素对纯母乳喂养结果的作用。涉及改善母乳喂养自我效能等心理社会因素的干预措施可能会改善纯母乳喂养的结果。 (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Objective: to investigate the psychosocial variables associated with the ability to exclusively breast:feed to six months postpartum. Additionally, to evaluate a conceptual model of psychosocial correlates of exclusive breastfeeding duration.Design: online, retrospective questionnaire.Setting: the questionnaire was placed online and participants accessed it through social networking sites including groups relating to breastfeeding, motherhood and parenting. Participants were also able to share the link with their own networks. This online setting facilitated recruitment of a wide range of Australian and international participants.Participants: 174 women aged 18 years and older who had given birth between six months to two years prior. Participants completed an online questionnaire, which asked them to report on three time points: pre-pregnancy, during pregnancy and during the first six months postpartum. Data were collected from June to December 2011.Measurements: psychometrically validated tools such as the breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale, Body Attitude Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, Fetal Health Locus of Control Scale, and the brief COPE scale were used to measure psychosocial variables. Additional scales were developed by the researchers and met scale reliability criteria.Findings: correlation analyses, t-tests and path analysis were used to statistically analyse the data Results showed that women who exclusively breast fed to six months postpartum exhibited higher intention to exclusively breastfeed, breastfeeding self-efficacy, comfort breastfeeding in public, perceived physical strength and reported less perceived breastfeeding difficulties. Path analyses indicated that breastfeeding self-efficacy was a strong significant predictor of both exclusive breastfeeding intention and duration. Maternal attitude towards pregnancy (both during pregnancy and postpartum), psychological adjustment and early breastfeeding difficulties were also found to be significant predictors of exclusive breastfeeding intention and duration.Key conclusions: psychosocial factors are likely to play a significant role in the maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding for six months post-birth. Future research should adopt a prospective study design to examine the influence of psychosocial factors systematically and rigorously.Implications for practice: longitudinal, prospective studies are needed to further examine the role of psychosocial factors on exclusive breastfeeding outcomes. Interventions, which involve improving psychosocial factors such as breastfeeding self-efficacy, may improve exclusive breastfeeding outcomes. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.