Fast but steady: An integrated leaf‐stem‐root trait syndrome for woody forest invaders
Fast but steady: An integrated leaf‐stem‐root trait syndrome for woody forest invaders
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快速而稳定：木本森林入侵者的叶-茎-根综合性状综合征
DOI：
10.1111/ele.13967
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Smith, Maria S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fridley, Jason D.;Bauerle, Taryn L.;Craddock, Alaä;Ebert, Alex R.;Frank, Douglas A.;Heberling, J. Mason;Hinman, Elise D.;Jo, Insu;Martinez, Kelsey A.;Smith, Maria S.
成功地控制和防止生物入侵依赖于识别非本地物种的特征，这些特征促进了在与本地物种的竞争中的适应度优势。在这里，我们表明，在北美落叶林的76种原生和非原生木本植物中，入侵者表现出一种独特的功能综合症，它结合了高代谢率和较长寿命的粗壮叶片和更长的年碳增量，这种行为是由季节性塑料木质部结构和快速产生细根所实现的。这一特征组合在所有被研究的本土物种中都不存在，这表明森林入侵者的成功是由一种新的资源利用战略推动的。此外，仅一年叶期和核DNA含量这两个特征就能以93%的准确率区分本地物种和入侵物种，支持在入侵风险评估中使用功能特征。一种同时反映快速生长能力和林下持久力的特征综合症可能是森林入侵的关键驱动因素。
Successful control and prevention of biological invasions depend on identifying traits of non‐native species that promote fitness advantages in competition with native species. Here, we show that, among 76 native and non‐native woody plants of deciduous forests of North America, invaders express a unique functional syndrome that combines high metabolic rate with robust leaves of longer lifespan and a greater duration of annual carbon gain, behaviours enabled by seasonally plastic xylem structure and rapid production of thin roots. This trait combination was absent in all native species examined and suggests the success of forest invaders is driven by a novel resource‐use strategy. Furthermore, two traits alone—annual leaf duration and nuclear DNA content—separated native and invasive species with 93% accuracy, supporting the use of functional traits in invader risk assessments. A trait syndrome reflecting both fast growth capacity and understorey persistence may be a key driver of forest invasions.