Grouping in object recognition: the role of a Gestalt law in letter identification.
Grouping in object recognition: the role of a Gestalt law in letter identification.
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DOI：
10.1080/13546800802550134
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发表时间：
2009-02
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Palomares MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pelli DG;Majaj NJ;Raizman N;Christian CJ;Kim E;Palomares MC
格式塔心理学家报告了一套描述视觉如何将元素分组以识别物体的法则。格式塔法则“规定了我们应该把什么看作‘一件事’”。他们是对的吗？对象识别是否涉及分组？分组规律的测试是有利的，但大多只评估检测，而不是识别，复合对象。在格子和“草中蛇”的检测实验中看到的元素分组是引人注目的，但与识别熟悉的、有意义的、命名的事物的生动的日常体验相比，还差得很远，这种体验调解了对物体的普通识别。因此，在近一个世纪之后，几乎没有任何证据表明分组在普通物体识别中起作用。为了评估物体识别中的分组，我们从光栅斑块中提取字母，并测量阈值对比度，以在视觉噪声中识别这些字母，作为光栅方向、相位和偏移的扰动函数。我们定义了一个新的度量，“摆动”，来表征这些不同的扰动违反完形良好延续定律的程度。我们发现字母识别的效率与摆动成反比，完全由摆动决定，与摆动如何产生无关。因此，三种不同的形状扰动对字母可识别性的影响可以通过单一的延续性优度来预测。这表明字母识别遵循完形规律的良好延续，可能是最初的完形主张的第一次确认，即对象识别涉及分组。
The Gestalt psychologists reported a set of laws describing how vision groups elements to recognize objects. The Gestalt laws “prescribe for us what we are to recognize ‘as one thing’”. Were they right? Does object recognition involve grouping? Tests of the laws of grouping have been favourable, but mostly assessed only detection, not identification, of the compound object. The grouping of elements seen in the detection experiments with lattices and “snakes in the grass” is compelling, but falls far short of the vivid everyday experience of recognizing a familiar, meaningful, named thing, which mediates the ordinary identification of an object. Thus, after nearly a century, there is hardly any evidence that grouping plays a role in ordinary object recognition. To assess grouping in object recognition, we made letters out of grating patches and measured threshold contrast for identifying these letters in visual noise as a function of perturbation of grating orientation, phase, and offset. We define a new measure, “wiggle”, to characterize the degree to which these various perturbations violate the Gestalt law of good continuation. We find that efficiency for letter identification is inversely proportional to wiggle and is wholly determined by wiggle, independent of how the wiggle was produced. Thus the effects of three different kinds of shape perturbation on letter identifiability are predicted by a single measure of goodness of continuation. This shows that letter identification obeys the Gestalt law of good continuation and may be the first confirmation of the original Gestalt claim that object recognition involves grouping.
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影响因子：
4.1
作者：
HOCHBERG, J;PETERSON, MA
通讯作者：
PETERSON, MA
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
KOVACS, I;JULESZ, B
通讯作者：
JULESZ, B
DOI：
10.1364/josaa.15.001486
发表时间：
1998-06-01
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Dakin, SC;Hess, RF
通讯作者：
Hess, RF
影响因子：
19.5
作者：
EDELMAN, S;FLASH, T;ULLMAN, S
通讯作者：
ULLMAN, S
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
EPSTEIN, W
通讯作者：
EPSTEIN, W