Mask-wearing and control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the USA: a cross-sectional study.
Mask-wearing and control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the USA: a cross-sectional study.
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美国SARS-CoV-2传播的口罩戴与控制：一项横断面研究。
DOI：
10.1016/s2589-7500(20)30293-4
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Brownstein JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rader B;White LF;Burns MR;Chen J;Brilliant J;Cohen J;Shaman J;Brilliant L;Kraemer MUG;Hawkins JB;Scarpino SV;Astley CM;Brownstein JS
由于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)的流行，口罩在美国变得司空见惯。尽管有证据表明，口罩有助于遏制疾病的传播，但在人口层面上的实证研究很少。我们调查了美国自我报告的口罩佩戴、物理距离和SARS-CoV-2传播之间的关系，以及全州范围内强制要求对口罩摄取的影响。通过网络平台对13岁及以上的随机调查美国人进行了一系列横断面调查，以质疑戴口罩的自我报告。调查的回答与来自两个公开来源的瞬时繁殖数(RT)估计相结合，即感兴趣的结果。还评估了物理距离、社区人口统计和其他潜在的混淆来源(来自公开可用的来源)。我们建立了多元Logistic回归模型来估计戴口罩和社区传播控制(RT<；1)之间的关联。此外，12个州的口罩佩戴情况在全州范围的任务执行前和之后的两周内进行了评估。378名 207人在2020年6月3日至7月27日期间回复了这项调查，其中4,186人因数据缺失而被排除在外。我们注意到美国各地报告的口罩使用量呈上升趋势，尽管使用量因地理位置而异。控制物理距离、人口统计学和其他变量的Logistic模型发现，自我报告的戴口罩增加10%与传播控制的几率增加相关(优势比3.53，95%可信区间2.03-6.43)。我们发现，报告戴口罩和物理距离较高的社区具有最高的传播控制预测概率。对报告的口罩佩戴情况进行分段回归分析表明，在实行任务规定后，斜率在统计上没有显著变化；但是，报告的口罩佩戴情况保持了上升趋势。据报道，口罩的广泛使用和物理距离增加了SARS-CoV-2传播控制的可能性。自我报告的口罩佩戴情况与政府口罩规定分开增加，这表明需要补充的公共卫生干预措施，以最大限度地采用口罩，并帮助遏制正在进行的疫情。流感实验室、Google.org(通过潮汐基金会)、国家卫生研究院、国家科学基金会、莫里斯-辛格基金会、MOOD、Branco Weiss奖学金、结束流行病、疾病控制和预防中心(美国)。
Face masks have become commonplace across the USA because of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic. Although evidence suggests that masks help to curb the spread of the disease, there is little empirical research at the population level. We investigate the association between self-reported mask-wearing, physical distancing, and SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the USA, along with the effect of statewide mandates on mask uptake. Serial cross-sectional surveys were administered via a web platform to randomly surveyed US individuals aged 13 years and older, to query self-reports of face mask-wearing. Survey responses were combined with instantaneous reproductive number (Rt) estimates from two publicly available sources, the outcome of interest. Measures of physical distancing, community demographics, and other potential sources of confounding (from publicly available sources) were also assessed. We fitted multivariate logistic regression models to estimate the association between mask-wearing and community transmission control (Rt<1). Additionally, mask-wearing in 12 states was evaluated 2 weeks before and after statewide mandates. 378 207 individuals responded to the survey between June 3 and July 27, 2020, of which 4186 were excluded for missing data. We observed an increasing trend in reported mask usage across the USA, although uptake varied by geography. A logistic model controlling for physical distancing, population demographics, and other variables found that a 10% increase in self-reported mask-wearing was associated with an increased odds of transmission control (odds ratio 3·53, 95% CI 2·03–6·43). We found that communities with high reported mask-wearing and physical distancing had the highest predicted probability of transmission control. Segmented regression analysis of reported mask-wearing showed no statistically significant change in the slope after mandates were introduced; however, the upward trend in reported mask-wearing was preserved. The widespread reported use of face masks combined with physical distancing increases the odds of SARS-CoV-2 transmission control. Self-reported mask-wearing increased separately from government mask mandates, suggesting that supplemental public health interventions are needed to maximise adoption and help to curb the ongoing epidemic. Flu Lab, Google.org (via the Tides Foundation), National Institutes for Health, National Science Foundation, Morris-Singer Foundation, MOOD, Branco Weiss Fellowship, Ending Pandemics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (USA).