Integrating field and numerical modeling methods for applied urban karst hydrogeology
Integrating field and numerical modeling methods for applied urban karst hydrogeology
复制标题
应用城市岩溶水文地质的现场和数值模拟方法相结合
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Kaufmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Epting;D. Romanov;P. Huggenberger;G. Kaufmann
抽象的。在不稳定的地质构造上建造的地下建筑物容易下沉。数据是在一个位于一个建在含石膏地层上的河坝旁的公路升级项目中收集的。地表水在大坝上游渗透，通过砾石沉积物循环，进入大坝周围和下方的风化基岩，并向下游排入河流。因此，扩展的风化带内的基岩和优先流动路径内的空隙和管道开发作为一个快速发展的岩溶系统的一部分。含石膏地层可溶性单元的岩溶作用增强导致大坝和公路沉降。自2006年以来，地下水流动状况的变化已经通过不同的方法进行了调查，这些方法可以评估基础设施的长期性能。地质（露头，从钻孔岩石地层信息），水文测量（广泛的地下水监测，染料示踪剂测试）和水文地球物理（电阻率层析成像，ERT）数据集成到高分辨率的三维水文地质和二维岩溶演化模型。所应用的方法进行了验证和相关参数的灵敏度确定的过程。可以证明，岩溶含水层表征的应用方法是相辅相成的。可以评估对系统动力学和流态的短期影响和长期发展。这包括描述的瞬态特性的流动状态期间和之后的情景洪水事件（地表-地下水相互作用，管道和扩散模型流出），以及评估的时间尺度岩溶演化。结果允许优化调查方法，类似的沉降问题，从一般的测量和监测技术的工具与预测效用。
Abstract. Infrastructures constructed on unstable geologic formations are prone to subsidence. Data have been collected in the context of an upgrading project for a highway located beside a river dam constructed on gypsum-bearing formations. Surface water infiltrates upstream of the dam, circulates through the gravel deposits and into the weathered bedrock around and beneath the dam, and exfiltrates downstream into the river. As a result, an extended weathering zone within the bedrock and preferential flow paths within voids and conduits developed as part of a rapidly evolving karst system. Enhanced karstification in the soluble units of the gypsum-bearing formations resulted in subsidence of the dam and the highway. Since 2006, changes in the groundwater flow regime have been investigated by different methods that allowed the evaluation of the long-term performance of the infrastructures. Geological (outcrops, lithostratigraphic information from boreholes), hydrometrical (extensive groundwater monitoring, dye tracer tests) and hydrogeophysical (Electrical Resistivity Tomography, ERT) data were integrated into high-resolution 3-D hydrogeological and 2-D karst evolution models. The applied methods are validated and the sensitivity of relevant parameters governing the processes determined. It could be demonstrated that the applied methods for karst aquifer characterization complement each other. Short-term impacts and long-term developments on system-dynamics and the flow regime could be evaluated. This includes the description of the transient character of the flow regime during and after episodic flood events (surface-groundwater interaction, conduit and diffuse model outflow) as well as the evaluation of time scales for karst evolution. Results allow the optimization of investigation methods for similar subsidence problems, ranging from general measurements and monitoring technologies to tools with predictive utility.