Gdt2 regulates the transition of Dictyostelium cells from growth to differentiation.
Gdt2 regulates the transition of Dictyostelium cells from growth to differentiation.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-213x-4-8
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发表时间：
2004-07-05
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Insall, Robert H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chibalina, Margarita V;Anjard, Christophe;Insall, Robert H
背景：盘基网柄菌生命周期由两个不同的阶段组成--生长和发育。在Dictyosteoblasts的生长分化过渡的控制是不完全理解的，只有少数基因参与这一过程是knowed.RESULTS：我们已经分离出一个REMI（限制酶介导的整合）突变体，过早地启动多细胞发育。当在细菌菌苔上生长时，这些细胞在细菌被完全清除之前聚集。在细菌悬浮液中，即使在低细胞密度和高浓度的细菌下，突变细胞也表达发育标记物盘状肽I γ。在缺乏营养的情况下，突变体细胞比野生型更快地聚集，但其余的发育不受影响，并形成正常的子实体。被破坏的基因显示出与最近描述的gdt 1基因的基本同源性，因此被命名为gdt 2。虽然GDT 1和GDT 2在许多方面都很相似，但也有一些有趣的差异。GDT 2含有一个非常保守的蛋白激酶结构域，不像GDT 1，其激酶结构域可能是无功能的。gdt 2和gdt 1 mRNA的调节方式不同，在整个发育过程中，gdt 2而不是gdt 1表达。gdt 2-和gdt 1-突变体的表型相关但不相同。虽然两者都在早期启动发育，但gdt 2细胞以正常速度生长，不像gdt 1突变体。蛋白激酶A的水平和活性在生长的GDT 2突变体中基本上是正常的，这意味着GDT 2调节与PKA分开作用的途径。GDT 1和GDT 2是第一个确定的成员，一个家庭包含至少8个密切相关的genes.CONCLUSIONS：我们已经分离和表征了一个新的基因，GDT 2，其作用是抑制发展，直到条件是适当的。我们还描述了一个家庭的相关基因在Dictyosteroid基因组。我们假设，不同的家庭成员可能控制类似的细胞过程，但对不同的环境线索作出反应。
BACKGROUND: Dictyostelium life cycle consists of two distinct phases - growth and development. The control of growth-differentiation transition in Dictyostelium is not completely understood, and only few genes involved in this process are known.RESULTS: We have isolated a REMI (restriction enzyme-mediated integration) mutant, which prematurely initiates multicellular development. When grown on a bacterial lawn, these cells aggregate before the bacteria are completely cleared. In bacterial suspension, mutant cells express the developmental marker discoidin Igamma even at low cell densities and high concentrations of bacteria. In the absence of nutrients, mutant cells aggregate more rapidly than wild type, but the rest of development is unaffected and normal fruiting bodies are formed. The disrupted gene shows substantial homology to the recently described gdt1 gene, and therefore was named gdt2. While GDT1 and GDT2 are similar in many ways, there are intriguing differences. GDT2 contains a well conserved protein kinase domain, unlike GDT1, whose kinase domain is probably non-functional. The gdt2 and gdt1 mRNAs are regulated differently, with gdt2 but not gdt1 expressed throughout development. The phenotypes of gdt2- and gdt1- mutants are related but not identical. While both initiate development early, gdt2- cells grow at a normal rate, unlike gdt1- mutants. Protein kinase A levels and activity are essentially normal in growing gdt2- mutants, implying that GDT2 regulates a pathway that acts separately from PKA. Gdt1 and gdt2 are the first identified members of a family containing at least eight closely related genes.CONCLUSIONS: We have isolated and characterised a new gene, gdt2, which acts to restrain development until conditions are appropriate. We also described a family of related genes in the Dictyostelium genome. We hypothesise that different family members might control similar cellular processes, but respond to different environmental cues.