EFFECTS OF THE TOXIN OF RED TIDE, PTYCHODISCUS-BREVIS, ON CANINE TRACHEAL SMOOTH-MUSCLE - A POSSIBLE NEW ASTHMA-TRIGGERING MECHANISM
EFFECTS OF THE TOXIN OF RED TIDE, PTYCHODISCUS-BREVIS, ON CANINE TRACHEAL SMOOTH-MUSCLE - A POSSIBLE NEW ASTHMA-TRIGGERING MECHANISM
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DOI：
10.1016/0091-6749(82)90116-6
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发表时间：
1982-01-01
影响因子：
14.2
通讯作者：
SZENTIVANYI, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ASAI, S;KRZANOWSKI, JJ;SZENTIVANYI, A
由短螺旋体产生的红潮毒素，在海浪和风的冲击下，经空气传播，引致正常人咳嗽、流涕、流眼泪和打喷嚏，以及哮喘病人喘息。用离体犬气管平滑肌研究了短棒状杆菌毒素（PBTX）引起气管平滑肌收缩反应的机制。河豚毒素和阿托品阻断PBTX的收缩作用，新斯的明增强PBTX的收缩作用。甲吡胺、酚妥拉明、麦角新碱和氯异松达明不能抑制PBTX的作用。这是第一次描述一种天然存在的空气传播物质，通过刺激轴突Na通道引起平滑肌收缩，导致节后副交感神经传出神经末梢释放乙酰胆碱。PBTX对犬气管平滑肌的体外作用表明，PBTX能够引起呼吸道刺激，并可能促使哮喘发作。体内机制可能还包括刺激咳嗽受体反射和/或刺激传入迷走神经纤维的Na通道。异丙肾上腺素、阿托品和维拉帕米可用于消除或预防接触空气中赤潮毒素后出现的呼吸道症状。使用高压液相色谱分离的馏分表明，神经毒性成分，而不是溶血成分，是负责收缩。
The red tide toxin produced by P. brevis becomes airborne by the thrashing action of the surf and wind and induces cough, rhinorrhea, watery eyes and sneezing in normal humans and wheezing in asthmatic patients. The mechanism of the contractile response induced by P. brevis toxin (PBTX) was investigated with isolated canine tracheal smooth muscle. Tetrodotoxin and atropine blocked the contractile effect of PBTX, and neostigmine potentiated the contraction. Mepyramine, phentolamine, methysergide and chlorisondamine did not inhibit the effect of PBTX. This was the 1st description of a naturally occurring airborne substance that caused smooth muscle contraction by stimulating the axon Na channels, resulting in the release of acetylcholine at postganglionic parasympathetic efferent nerve endings. The in vitro effect of PBTX on canine tracheal smooth muscle indicated that PBTX was capable of causing respiratory irritation and may precipitate an asthmatic attack. It was possible that the mechanism in vivo may also include stimulation of a cough receptor reflex and/or stimulation of Na channels of afferent vagus nerve fibers. Isoproterenol, atropine and verapamil may be used to eliminate or prevent the respiratory symptoms that follow exposure to airborne red tide toxin. The use of high-pressure liquid chromatography-separated fractions indicated that the neurotoxic component, not the hemolytic component, was responsible for contractions.