Transgender stigma and health: A critical review of stigma determinants, mechanisms, and interventions.
Transgender stigma and health: A critical review of stigma determinants, mechanisms, and interventions.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.11.010
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发表时间：
2015-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pachankis JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
White Hughto JM;Reisner SL;Pachankis JE
在美国，跨性别者普遍遭受偏见、歧视、暴力和其他形式的耻辱。这篇批判性评论旨在整合有关美国跨性别者耻辱的文献。本次审查表明，跨性别者的耻辱限制了许多关键领域（例如就业、医疗保健）的机会和资源获取，持续影响跨性别者的身心健康。这里采用的应用社会生态模型阐明了跨性别耻辱在多个层面（即个人、人际、结构）影响健康。耻辱预防和应对干预措施有望减少跨性别人群的耻辱及其对健康相关的不利影响。需要更多的研究来记录耻辱与不良健康之间的因果关系，以及美国跨性别人群中耻辱的调节因素和调节因素。有必要采取多层次的干预措施来防止跨性别者遭受耻辱。
Transgender people in the United States experience widespread prejudice, discrimination, violence, and other forms of stigma. This critical review aims to integrate the literature on stigma towards transgender people in the US. This review demonstrates that transgender stigma limits opportunities and access to resources in a number of critical domains (e.g., employment, healthcare), persistently affecting the physical and mental health of transgender people. The applied social ecological model employed here elucidates that transgender stigma operates at multiple levels (i.e., individual, interpersonal, structural) to impact health. Stigma prevention and coping interventions hold promise for reducing stigma and its adverse health-related effects in transgender populations. Additional research is needed to document the causal relationship between stigma and adverse health as well as the mediators and moderators of stigma in US transgender populations. Multi-level interventions to prevent stigma towards transgender people are warranted.