Neurophysiological Face Processing Deficits in Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia: An MEG Study
Neurophysiological Face Processing Deficits in Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia: An MEG Study
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2020.554844
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发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
N. Ohara;Y. Hirano;N. Oribe;Shunsuke Tamura;I. Nakamura;S. Hirano;R. Tsuchimoto;T. Ueno;O. Togao;A. Hiwatashi;Tomohiro Nakao;T. Onitsuka
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作者：
N. Ohara;Y. Hirano;N. Oribe;Shunsuke Tamura;I. Nakamura;S. Hirano;R. Tsuchimoto;T. Ueno;O. Togao;A. Hiwatashi;Tomohiro Nakao;T. Onitsuka
背景神经心理学研究表明，精神分裂症（SZ）患者存在面部识别困难，对人脸的视觉诱发N170反应降低。然而，详细的神经生理学证据，这面处理缺陷在深圳与更高的空间分辨率尚未被收购。在这项研究中，我们记录了视觉诱发脑磁图（MEG），并检查是否M170（磁对应的N170）活动缺陷是特定于慢性SZ患者的脸。方法26例SZ患者和26例健康对照者（HC）。从全头MEG记录对面孔和汽车的M170反应，并分析每个颞叶皮层的全局场功率。分布的M170源也本地化使用最小范数估计（MNE）方法。进行了M170应答与人口统计学/症状之间的相关性分析。结果正如预期的那样，SZ组的M170在对面孔的反应中显著小于HC组，但对汽车的反应不显著（面孔：p = 0.01;汽车：p = 0.55）。MNE分析表明，虽然M170是本地化的梭状面区（FFA）在HC组，视觉相关的大脑区域以外的FFA强烈激活在SZ组在两种刺激条件。在SZ中，阴性症状的严重程度与M170功率呈负相关（rho =-0.47，p = 0.01）。在HC中，年龄与两个半球对面部的平均M170反应之间存在显著相关性（rho = 0.60，p = 0.001），而在SZ患者中未观察到这种关系（rho = 0.09，p = 0.67）。结论SZ患者对人脸的M170反应特异性降低。我们的研究结果可能表明，SZ的特点是与阴性症状的严重程度相关的面部处理缺陷。因此，我们认为，SZ的社会认知障碍可能，至少部分，是由这种功能性的面孔处理缺陷。
Background Neuropsychological studies have revealed that patients with schizophrenia (SZ) have facial recognition difficulties and a reduced visual evoked N170 response to human faces. However, detailed neurophysiological evidence of this face processing deficit in SZ with a higher spatial resolution has yet to be acquired. In this study, we recorded visual evoked magnetoencephalography (MEG) and examined whether M170 (a magnetic counterpart of the N170) activity deficits are specific to faces in patients with chronic SZ. Methods Participants were 26 patients with SZ and 26 healthy controls (HC). The M170 responses to faces and cars were recorded from whole-head MEG, and global field power over each temporal cortex was analyzed. The distributed M170 sources were also localized using a minimum-norm estimation (MNE) method. Correlational analyses between M170 responses and demographics/symptoms were performed. Results As expected, the M170 was significantly smaller in the SZ compared with the HC group in response to faces, but not to cars (faces: p = 0.01; cars: p = 0.55). The MNE analysis demonstrated that while the M170 was localized over the fusiform face area (FFA) in the HC group, visual-related brain regions other than the FFA were strongly activated in the SZ group in both stimulus conditions. The severity of negative symptoms was negatively correlated with M170 power (rho = −0.47, p = 0.01) in SZ. Within HC, there was a significant correlation between age and the M170 responses to faces averaged for both hemispheres (rho = 0.60, p = 0.001), while such a relationship was not observed in patients with SZ (rho = 0.09, p = 0.67). Conclusion The present study showed specific reductions in the M170 response to human faces in patients with SZ. Our findings could suggest that SZ is characterized by face processing deficits that are associated with the severity of negative symptoms. Thus, we suggest that social cognition impairments in SZ might, at least in part, be caused by this functional face processing deficit.