Childhood obesity and adult morbidities
Childhood obesity and adult morbidities
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DOI：
10.3945/ajcn.2010.28701b
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Wien, Michelle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Biro, Frank M.;Wien, Michelle
近年来，肥胖的患病率和严重程度有所增加，这可能是基因、饮食摄入、身体活动和环境之间复杂相互作用的结果。有利于将多余热量储存为脂肪的基因表达，经过数千年的选择且相对稳定，但在一个迅速变化的环境中却变得不利。这种环境使能量消耗的机会最小化，而使能量摄入的机会最大化。儿童和青少年肥胖的后果包括女孩青春期和月经初潮提前、青少年和成年人患2型糖尿病以及代谢综合征的发病率增加，以及成年后肥胖。这些变化与心血管疾病以及成年人的几种癌症有关，可能是通过胰岛素抵抗和炎性细胞因子的产生。尽管人们对环境暴露产生了担忧，但还没有正式的专家建议。目前，肥胖流行的最重要因素是当前能量摄入的机会以及有限的能量消耗。《美国临床营养学杂志》2010年；91（增刊）：1499S - 1505S
The prevalence and severity of obesity have increased in recent years, likely the result of complex interactions between genes, dietary intake, physical activity, and the environment. The expression of genes favoring the storage of excess calories as fat, which have been selected for over many millennia and are relatively static, has become maladaptive in a rapidly changing environment that minimizes opportunities for energy expenditure and maximizes opportunities for energy intake. The consequences of childhood and adolescent obesity include earlier puberty and menarche in girls, type 2 diabetes and increased incidence of the metabolic syndrome in youth and adults, and obesity in adulthood. These changes are associated with cardiovascular disease as well as with several cancers in adults, likely through insulin resistance and production of inflammatory cytokines. Although concerns have arisen regarding environmental exposures, there have been no formal expert recommendations. Currently, the most important factors underlying the obesity epidemic are the current opportunities for energy intake coupled with limited energy expenditure. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 91(suppl):1499S-1505S.