Power Increases Hypocrisy: Moralizing in Reasoning, Immorality in Behavior
Power Increases Hypocrisy: Moralizing in Reasoning, Immorality in Behavior
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797610368810
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Galinsky, Adam D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lammers, Joris;Stapel, Diederik A.;Galinsky, Adam D.
在五项研究中，我们探讨了权力是否会增加道德虚伪（即，对别人施加严格的道德标准，但自己却不那么严格地实践道德行为）。在实验一中，与无权者相比，有权者更多地谴责他人的欺骗行为，但也更多地欺骗自己。在实验2到4中，有权势的人在评判他人的道德过失时比评判自己的过失时更加严格。最后一项研究发现，权力对道德伪善的影响取决于权力的合法性：当权力是非法的时，道德伪善效应被逆转，非法权力者在判断自己的行为时变得比判断其他人的行为更严格。在实验3和实验4中，这种被称为hypercrisy的模式在低权力参与者中也被发现。我们讨论了如何虚伪和伪善的模式之间的强大和无力可以帮助永久化的社会不平等。
In five studies, we explored whether power increases moral hypocrisy (i.e., imposing strict moral standards on other people but practicing less strict moral behavior oneself). In Experiment 1, compared with the powerless, the powerful condemned other people's cheating more, but also cheated more themselves. In Experiments 2 through 4, the powerful were more strict in judging other people's moral transgressions than in judging their own transgressions. A final study found that the effect of power on moral hypocrisy depends on the legitimacy of the power: When power was illegitimate, the moral-hypocrisy effect was reversed, with the illegitimately powerful becoming stricter in judging their own behavior than in judging other people's behavior. This pattern, which might be dubbed hypercrisy, was also found among low-power participants in Experiments 3 and 4. We discuss how patterns of hypocrisy and hypercrisy among the powerful and powerless can help perpetuate social inequality.