Recurring memory reactivation: The offline component of learning.
Recurring memory reactivation: The offline component of learning.
复制标题
循环记忆重新激活：学习的离线部分。
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108840
复制
发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Paller,KenA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paller,KenA
一个人可以意识到记忆一个新的事实或回忆一个新认识的人的名字所需要的努力。由于这样的经验，学习似乎只有两个组成部分，编码信息和经过一段时间的延迟，检索信息。相反，学习需要额外的干预步骤，有时对学习者来说是隐藏的。为了牢固地获得事实和事件知识，学习者通常没有认识到离线巩固的必要性。根据目前的概念，那些在以后的时间里仍然可靠地存在的记忆，是我们反复排练并与其他知识整合的记忆，无论我们是有意还是无意，清醒还是睡着。这篇文章探讨的概念，学习是不是一个功能的清醒的大脑活动。当我们睡觉时，大脑中发生的事情也会影响记忆存储，因此是学习的关键组成部分。记忆可以随着时间的推移而改变并变得持久的想法一直存在于记忆研究中，并且是记忆巩固概念的基础。然而，记忆巩固发生在睡眠期间的概念在最终确立之前面临着很多阻力。仍然需要研究来阐明睡眠期间重复重新激活的操作和影响。全面了解离线记忆的重新激活如何有助于学习，无论是理论上还是实践上都是至关重要的。
One can be aware of the effort needed to memorize a new fact or to recall the name of a new acquaintance. Because of experiences like this, learning can seem to have only two components, encoding information and, after some delay, retrieving information. To the contrary, learning entails additional, intervening steps that sometimes are hidden from the learner. For firmly acquiring fact and event knowledge in particular, learners are generally not cognizant of the necessity of offline consolidation. The memories that persist to be available reliably at a later time, according to the present conceptualization, are the ones we repeatedly rehearse and integrate with other knowledge, whether we do this intentionally or unknowingly, awake or asleep. This article examines the notion that learning is not a function of waking brain activity alone. What happens in the brain while we sleep also impacts memory storage, and consequently is a critical component of learning. The idea that memories can change over time and become enduring has long been present in memory research and is foundational for the concept of memory consolidation. Nevertheless, the notion that memory consolidation happens during sleep faced much resistance before eventually being firmly established. Research is still needed to elucidate the operation and repercussions of repeated reactivation during sleep. Comprehensively understanding how offline memory reactivation contributes to learning is vital for both theoretical and practical considerations.
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