Importance, cause and effect of bushmeat hunting in the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania: Implications for community based wildlife management
Importance, cause and effect of bushmeat hunting in the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania: Implications for community based wildlife management
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坦桑尼亚乌宗瓦山脉丛林肉狩猎的重要性、原因和影响：对社区野生动物管理的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2005.10.017
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Nielsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Nielsen
基于社区的野生动物管理（CBWM）已被建议作为一种保护战略，以应对东部非洲山地生物多样性热点地区乌宗瓦山脉的肉食狩猎。因此，在新达巴加/乌兰甘比森林保护区（NDUFR）评估了基于肉类种植的CBWM的可行性。与西基隆贝罗悬崖森林保护区的相对野生动物密度相比，后者只受到较低的狩猎压力，表明大多数相关种群严重枯竭（Cephalophus monticola，C. harveyi和C.肉穗花序，Potamochoerus larvatus），因此目前在NDUFR不可能实现可持续收获。NDUFR周围那些村庄猎人捕获的记录表明，从蛋白质摄入量的使用和贡献来看，瘦肉的重要性相对较低。接近NDUFR，其次是人口规模在不同的村庄是正相关的狩猎强度和耗尽的野生动物。对狩猎者和非狩猎者在财富衡量方面的比较表明，狩猎与贫困和蛋白质摄入量低有关。对NDUFR最大可持续收获量的估计表明，CBWM在减少这些狩猎原因、维护社区利益和抵消保护机会成本方面的能力有限。这项研究的结果表明，在NDUFR保护工作的重点应该是保护野生动物免受剥削，而不是鼓励使用和依赖通过CBWM。支持努力应试图通过增加最贫困人口的家畜数量，促进完全转向国内肉类来源。
Community Based Wildlife Management (CBWM) has been suggested as a conservation strategy in response to bushmeat hunting in the Udzungwa Mountains within the Eastern Afromontane biodiversity hotspot. The feasibility of CBWM based on meat cropping was therefore evaluated in New Dabaga/Ulangambi Forest Reserve (NDUFR). Comparison of relative wildlife densities with West Kilombero Scarp Forest Reserve, which is subject to only low hunting pressure, indicate that most relevant populations are severely depleted (Cephalophus monticola, C. harveyi and C. spadix, Potamochoerus larvatus) and hence that sustainable harvesting currently is not possible in NDUFR. Records of catch from hunters in the villages surrounding NDUFR indicate that bushmeat is of relatively low importance in terms of use and contribution to protein intake. Proximity to NDUFR and secondarily population size in the different villages is positively correlated with hunting intensity and depletion of wildlife. Comparisons between hunters and non-hunters in terms of wealth measures show that hunting is linked to poverty and low protein intake. An estimation of maximum sustainable harvest in NDUFR reveals that CBWM only has limited capacity to reduce these causes of hunting, maintain the communities’ interest and offset the opportunity costs of conservation. Results of this study suggest that conservation efforts in NDUFR should focus on protecting wildlife against exploitation instead of encouraging use and dependence through CBWM. Supporting efforts should attempt to facilitate a complete shift to domestic sources of meat, by increasing the number of domestic animals in the poorest part of the population.