Correlates of Nicotine Dependence in UK Resident Yemeni Khat Chewers: A Cross-Sectional Study
Correlates of Nicotine Dependence in UK Resident Yemeni Khat Chewers: A Cross-Sectional Study
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntr180
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Croucher, Ray E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kassim, Saba;Islam, Sharif;Croucher, Ray E.
咀嚼阿拉伯茶通常与吸烟有关，对健康有影响。这项横断面研究旨在（a）探索和验证自我报告的吸烟方面，以及吸烟的客观措施是否在不同情况下吸烟的阿拉伯茶咀嚼者之间存在差异，（B）评估与经常吸烟的阿拉伯茶咀嚼者之间尼古丁依赖相关的社会因素。也门居民在随机访问阿拉伯茶销售点时咀嚼阿拉伯茶。通过面对面的预定访谈收集数据。数据分析包括描述性检验和分层线性多元回归分析。在133名自报吸烟者中，68%为常规吸烟者，平均（SD）一氧化碳（CO）评分（20.53 +/- 12.12 ppm），32%为间歇性吸烟者，平均（SD）CO评分（16 +/- 15.66 ppm）。据报道，吸烟作为一个增强的影响，阿拉伯茶咀嚼分别由65%和69%的经常和间歇性吸烟者。在两组中，咀嚼阿拉伯茶期间记录了更高的CO评分。分层线性多元回归模型显示，咀嚼阿拉伯茶的严重程度增加与尼古丁依赖程度增加呈正相关（β = 0.27，p = 0.006，95% CI = 0.05，0.29），而社会参与度呈负相关（β =-0.34，p = 0.001，95%CI =-0.06，-0.02）。咀嚼阿拉伯茶期间吸烟增加。尼古丁依赖程度与阿拉伯茶依赖程度呈正相关，而较高的社会参与程度降低了尼古丁依赖。
Khat chewing is often associated with tobacco use with impacts on health. This cross-sectional study aimed (a) to explore and validate aspects of self-reported tobacco smoking and whether objective measures of tobacco smoking differ in different situations among khat chewers who smoked and (b) to assess the social factors correlated with nicotine dependence among khat chewers who smoked regularly.This study recruited a purposive sample of 204 U.K. resident Yemeni khat chewers during random visits to Khat sale outlets. Data were collected via a face-to-face scheduled interview. Data analyses included descriptive tests and a hierarchical linear multiple regression.Of 133 self-reported tobacco smokers, 68% were regular smokers with a mean (SD) carbon monoxide (CO) score (20.53 +/- 12.12 ppm) and 32% were episodic smokers with a mean (SD) CO score (16 +/- 15.66 ppm). Tobacco smoking as an enhancement of the impacts of khat chewing was reported by 65% and 69% of regular and episodic smokers, respectively. In both groups, higher CO scores were recorded during khat chewing. Hierarchical linear multiple regression modeling showed that increases in levels of severity of dependence on khat chewing were correlated positively with increase in levels of nicotine dependence (beta = .27, p = .006, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.29), whereas social participation was correlated inversely (beta = -.34, p = .001, 95% CI = -0.06, -0.02).In this study, smoking prevalence was high. Smoking increased during khat chewing. Nicotine dependence levels correlated positively with khat dependence levels, while higher social participation reduced nicotine dependence.