SENSITIVITY OF SMOOTH EYE-MOVEMENT TO SMALL DIFFERENCES IN TARGET VELOCITY
SENSITIVITY OF SMOOTH EYE-MOVEMENT TO SMALL DIFFERENCES IN TARGET VELOCITY
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DOI：
10.1016/0042-6989(87)90014-9
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发表时间：
1987-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
MCKEE, SP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KOWLER, E;MCKEE, SP
平滑追踪眼球运动的精确度是通过一个新的相关测量来描述的，“眼动差异阈值”（类似于preceptual差异阈值），它代表了在目标速度中产生统计上可区分的眼动速度差异的最小差异。恒定速度运动的视神经差异阈值在目标运动的初始200毫秒期间最大（>目标速度的50%），尽管在同一时期的平均增益相当高（0.7-1.4）。视神经差异阈值随着时间的推移而下降。在目标运动开始后约600-700毫秒，它们达到与用相同目标速度在精神病学上测量的感知差异阈值一样低的值。差异阈值的相似性表明，同样精确的感官表征的目标速度影响知觉和平稳的眼球运动。平滑追踪速度：（1）依赖于前几次试验中目标的速度;（2）当目标运动持续时间从1秒缩短到200毫秒时，在目标运动的最初200毫秒内，平滑追踪速度下降，这表明高的初始追踪速度依赖于对追踪将继续的期望。这些背景和预期持续时间的影响使眼睛能够快速达到接近它最有可能遇到的目标的速度。追踪的精确度的研究可能是有价值的表征其感官输入，但研究的影响的背景下，刺激出现的影响和对未来的目标运动的预期可能更有价值的理解如何顺利的眼球运动保证视网膜图像速度最佳的视觉。
The precision of smooth pursuit eye movements was described by means of a new dependent measure, the "oculomotor difference threshold" (analogous to the preceptual difference threshold) which represents the smallest difference in target velocity that produces statistically distinguishable differences in eye velocity. Oculomotor differences thresholds for constant velocity motions were largest (> 50% of target velocity) during the initial 200 msec of target motion, despite fairly high average gains (0.7-1.4) during the same period. Oculomotor difference thresholds declined over time. By about 600-700 msec after the onset of target motion they reached values as low as the perceptual differences thresholds measured psychophysically with the same target velocities. The similarity of the differences thresholds suggests that equally precise sensory representations of target velocity influenced perception and smooth eye movements. Nonsensory influences on smooth eye movement were also found. Smooth pursuit velocity: (1) dependend on the velocity of targets in preceding trials; (2) was decreased during the initial 200 msec of target motion when the duration of motion was reduced from 1 sec to 200 msec, a result which shows that high initial pursuit velocity depends on the expectation that pursuit will continue. These effects of context and expected duration allowed the eye to achieve quickly a velocity close to that of the target it was most likely to encounter. Study of the precision of pursuit may be valuable for characterizing its sensory input, but study of the effects of the context in which a stimulus appears and the effects of expectations about future target motion may be more valuable for understanding how smooth eye movements guarantee retinal image velocities optimal for vision.