Exposure to traffic-related air pollution and the risk of developing breast cancer among women in eight Canadian provinces: A case-control study
Exposure to traffic-related air pollution and the risk of developing breast cancer among women in eight Canadian provinces: A case-control study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2014.09.004
复制
发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Johnson, Kenneth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hystad, Perry;Villeneuve, Paul J.;Johnson, Kenneth
最近的一些研究报告说，长期暴露于与交通有关的空气污染与乳腺癌发病率之间存在正相关。我们利用现有的加拿大多地点人口为基础的病例对照研究，以进一步调查这种association.We使用的国家增强癌症监测系统，1994年至1997年在加拿大10个省的8个进行的人口为基础的病例对照研究。共1569例乳腺癌病例和1872人控制的报告至少有90%的完整的自我报告的地址在1975年至1994年的曝光期间进行了检查。使用三种不同的测量方法估计了这一时期二氧化氮（NO2）（与交通有关的空气污染的指标）的平均暴露水平：（1）卫星观测;（2）卫星观测与历史固定地点的NO2测量值缩放;（3）国家土地使用回归（LUR）模型。还审查了主要道路的邻近情况。采用非条件Logistic回归，分层绝经状态，我们估计比值比（OR）调整了许多个人水平和上下文乳腺癌的危险factors.We观察到乳腺癌发病率和所有三个措施的NO2暴露从1975年至1994年之间的正相关。在绝经前乳腺癌的完全调整模型中，根据卫星观测、缩放卫星观测和国家LUR模型估计的NO2暴露增加10 ppb，OR为1.26（95%置信区间（CI）：0.92-1.74）、1.32（95% CI：1.05-1.67）和1.28（95% CI：0.92-1.79）。对于绝经后乳腺癌，我们发现相应的OR为1.10（95%CI：0.88-1.36），1.10（95%CI：0.94-1.28）和1.07（95%CI：0.86-1.32）。在加拿大的八个省份中观察到OR的显著异质性，当模型仅限于接受常规乳房X线摄影检查的女性时，观察到OR降低。没有协会被发现为道路接近measurement.This研究提供了一些支持的假设，即交通相关的空气污染可能与乳腺癌的发展，特别是在绝经前妇女。由于现有的研究很少，显然需要进一步的研究。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
A few recent studies have reported positive associations between long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and the incidence of breast cancer. We capitalized on an existing Canadian multi-site population-based case-control study to further investigate this association.We used the National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System, a population-based case-control study conducted in eight of 10 Canadian provinces from 1994 to 1997. A total of 1569 breast cancer cases and 1872 population controls who reported at least 90% complete self-reported addresses over the 1975-1994 exposure period were examined. Mean exposure levels to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (an indicator of traffic-related air pollution) were estimated for this period using three different measures: (1) satellite-derived observations; (2) satellite-derived observations scaled with historical fixed-site measurements of NO2; and (3) a national land-use regression (LUR) model. Proximity to major roads was also examined. Using unconditional logistic regression, stratified by menopausal status, we estimated odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for many individual-level and contextual breast cancer risk factors.We observed positive associations between incident breast cancer and all three measures of NO2 exposure from 1975 to 1994. In fully adjusted models for premenopausal breast cancer, a 10 ppb increase in NO2 exposure estimated from the satellite-derived observations, the scaled satellite-derived observations, and the national LUR model produced ORs of 1.26 (95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.92-1.74), 1.32 (95% CI: 1.05-1.67) and 1.28 (95% CI: 0.92-1.79). For postmenopausal breast cancer, we found corresponding ORs of 1.10 (95% CI: 0.88-1.36), 1.10 (95% CI: 0.94-1.28) and 1.07 (95% CI: 0.86-1.32). Substantial heterogeneity in the ORs was observed across the eight Canadian provinces and reduced ORs were observed when models were restricted to women who had received routine mammography examinations. No associations were found for road proximity measures.This study provides some support for the hypothesis that traffic-related air pollution may be associated with the development of breast cancer, especially in premenopausal women. With the few studies available, further research is clearly needed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.