Histological methods for ex vivo axon tracing: A systematic review.
Histological methods for ex vivo axon tracing: A systematic review.
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DOI：
10.1080/01616412.2016.1153820
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发表时间：
2016-07
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Jensen MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heilingoetter CL;Jensen MB
轴突示踪剂为神经通路的发育、连接和功能提供了重要的见解。示踪剂可以被描述为一种允许神经元通路可视化的物质。轴突示踪剂以前仅用于体内研究；然而，更新的轴突追踪方法可以应用于离体研究。离体研究涉及对从生物体中取出的细胞或组织进行检查。这些轴突追踪的死后方法具有多种优点，例如到达难以接近的组织并避免生存手术。为了评估离体追踪方法的质量，我们对各种实验和比较研究进行了系统回顾，以确定轴突追踪的最佳方法。离体追踪最重要的方法涉及酶技术或各种染料。似乎有多种技术和条件可以提供更好的荧光特征、清晰度和神经元通路中的传播距离。我们发现直接比较研究着眼于示踪剂类型、所需时间、温度影响和钙的存在等变量，但是，还有其他变量尚未直接比较。我们的结论是，根据研究人员的实验目标，有多种有前途的追踪方法可用，但是，需要更直接的比较研究来确认最佳方法。
Axon tracers provide crucial insight into the development, connectivity, and function of neural pathways. A tracer can be characterized as a substance that allows for the visualization of a neuronal pathway. Axon tracers have previously been used exclusively with in vivo studies; however, newer methods of axon tracing can be applied to ex vivo studies. Ex vivo studies involve the examination of cells or tissues retrieved from an organism. These post mortem methods of axon tracing offer several advantages, such as reaching inaccessible tissues and avoiding survival surgeries. In order to evaluate the quality of the ex vivo tracing methods, we performed a systematic review of various experimental and comparison studies to discern the optimal method of axon tracing. The most prominent methods for ex vivo tracing involve enzymatic techniques or various dyes. It appears that there are a variety of techniques and conditions that tend to give better fluorescent character, clarity, and distance traveled in the neuronal pathway. We found direct comparison studies that looked at variables such as the type of tracer, time required, effect of temperature, and presence of calcium, however, there are other variables that have not been compared directly. We conclude there are a variety of promising tracing methods available depending on the experimental goals of the researcher, however, more direct comparison studies are needed to affirm the optimal method.