Characterizing patterns of global land use: An analysis of global croplands data
Characterizing patterns of global land use: An analysis of global croplands data
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DOI：
10.1029/98gb02512
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Foley, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ramankutty, N;Foley, JA
人类活动极大地影响了全世界陆地生态系统的状况。人类活动在生物圈内最直接的表现之一是将自然生态系统转变为农田。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个永久性耕地的地理分布和空间范围的分析。这一分析代表了1990年代初全球5分（类似于10公里）分辨率经纬度网格上每个网格单元的永久农田面积。为了创建这一数据集，我们将卫星获取的土地覆盖数据集与各种国家和国家以下各级农业库存数据相结合。一个简单的校准算法，使空间的土地覆盖数据与非空间农业库存数据基本一致。本文分析的耕地空间分布是对全球农业地理的定量描述。世界上已知有密集种植的地区（例如，北美玉米带、欧洲小麦-玉米带、恒河泛滥平原和中国东部）在这一分析中被清楚地描绘出来。它还涵盖了世界上种植密度较低的地区，通常围绕上述地区，以及以自给农业为特征的地区（例如，非洲萨赫勒地区）。这种分析产生的数据可用于全球气候模型和全球生态系统模型，以评估永久农田对环境过程的重要性。特别是，这些数据与模型相结合，可以帮助评估土地覆盖变化对区域气候和碳循环的作用。今后的努力需要集中于其他土地使用系统，包括牧场和轮垦地区。此外，必须扩大土地使用和土地覆盖数据的范围，使之包括历史方面，以便评价生物圈随着时间的推移而变化的状况。
Human activities have shaped significantly the state of terrestrial ecosystems throughout the world. One of the most direct manifestations of human activity within the biosphere has been the conversion of natural ecosystems to croplands. In this study, we present an analysis of the geographic distribution and spatial extent of permanent croplands. This analysis represents the area in permanent croplands during the early 1990s for each grid cell on a global 5 min (similar to 10 km) resolution latitude-longitude grid. To create this data set, we have combined a satellite-derived land cover data set with a variety of national and subnational agricultural inventory data. A simple calibration algorithm was used so that the spatial land cover data were generally consistent with nonspatial agricultural inventory data. The spatial distribution of croplands represented in this analysis presents a quantitative depiction of global agricultural geography. The regions of the world known to have intense cultivation (e.g., the North American corn belt, the European wheat-corn belt, the Ganges floodplain, and eastern China) are clearly portrayed in this analysis. It also captures the less intensely cultivated regions of the world, usually surrounding the regions mentioned above, and regions characterized by subsistence agriculture (e.g., Sahelian Africa). Data generated from this kind of analysis can be used within global climate models and global ecosystem models to assess the importance of permanent croplands on environmental processes. In particular, these data, combined with models, could help evaluate the role of changing land cover on regional climate and carbon cycling. Future efforts will need to concentrate on other land use systems, including pastures and regions of shifting cultivation. Furthermore, land use and land cover data must be extended to include an historical dimension so as to evaluate the changing state of the biosphere over time.