Progress in achieving quantitative classification of psychopathology
Progress in achieving quantitative classification of psychopathology
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DOI：
10.1002/wps.20566
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
73.3
通讯作者：
Zimmermann, Johannes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krueger, Robert F.;Kotov, Roman;Zimmermann, Johannes
基于专家共识的精神病理学分类方法的不足引起了当代对精神病理学定量分类的努力。在本文中，我们回顾了精神病理学的定量和经验分类的进展。大量的实证文献表明，精神病理学通常是多维度的，而不是分类的。当精神病理学的离散性与连续性被视为一个研究问题时，而不是作为一个传统问题来决定时，证据显然支持连续性的假设。此外，一个相关的文献机构显示了如何精神病理学维度可以安排在一个层次结构中，从非常广泛的光谱水平的维度，以具体和狭窄的症状集群。以这种方式，定量方法通过明确地对具有直接临床效用的维度概念的详细且多样化的层次结构内的体征和症状之间的共现模式进行建模来解决共病问题。事实上，有关精神病理学的维度和层次结构的广泛证据导致了精神病理学层次分类（HiTOP）联盟的形成。这是一个由70名研究人员组成的小组，他们共同研究精神病理学的经验分类。在本文中，我们描述了HiTOP联盟的目标和当前的焦点。这些目标涉及到精神病理学的经验组织的持续研究;人格和精神病理学之间的联系;在研究和临床中基于经验的精神病理学结构的效用;以及开发新颖而全面的模型和相应的评估工具，用于精神病理学结构来自经验方法。
Shortcomings of approaches to classifying psychopathology based on expert consensus have given rise to contemporary efforts to classify psychopathology quantitatively. In this paper, we review progress in achieving a quantitative and empirical classification of psychopathology. A substantial empirical literature indicates that psychopathology is generally more dimensional than categorical. When the discreteness versus continuity of psychopathology is treated as a research question, as opposed to being decided as a matter of tradition, the evidence clearly supports the hypothesis of continuity. In addition, a related body of literature shows how psychopathology dimensions can be arranged in a hierarchy, ranging from very broad spectrum level dimensions, to specific and narrow clusters of symptoms. In this way, a quantitative approach solves the problem of comorbidity by explicitly modeling patterns of co-occurrence among signs and symptoms within a detailed and variegated hierarchy of dimensional concepts with direct clinical utility. Indeed, extensive evidence pertaining to the dimensional and hierarchical structure of psychopathology has led to the formation of the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) Consortium. This is a group of 70 investigators working together to study empirical classification of psychopathology. In this paper, we describe the aims and current foci of the HiTOP Consortium. These aims pertain to continued research on the empirical organization of psychopathology; the connection between personality and psychopathology; the utility of empirically based psychopathology constructs in both research and the clinic; and the development of novel and comprehensive models and corresponding assessment instruments for psychopathology constructs derived from an empirical approach.