Barley β-glucan improves metabolic condition via short-chain fatty acids produced by gut microbial fermentation in high fat diet fed mice.
Barley β-glucan improves metabolic condition via short-chain fatty acids produced by gut microbial fermentation in high fat diet fed mice.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0196579
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kimura I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Miyamoto J;Watanabe K;Taira S;Kasubuchi M;Li X;Irie J;Itoh H;Kimura I
已知膳食摄入大麦β-葡聚糖（BG）会影响能量代谢。然而，其潜在机制仍然知之甚少，因为研究结果不一致，在饱腹感，能量摄入，体重减轻和血糖控制方面报告了积极和消极的影响。本研究的目的是澄清生理作用的基础代谢的好处，大麦BG使用高脂肪饮食（HFD）诱导的肥胖症的小鼠模型。雄性4周龄C57 BL/6 J小鼠喂食含有20%大麦粉的HFD，所述大麦粉含有高BG或（HBG; 2% BG）或低BG在常规和无菌（GF）条件下，将小鼠在12周内维持在0.6%BG（LBG; 0.6%BG）水平。（HFC;高纤维纤维素）或5%大麦BG（HFB;高纤维β-葡聚糖）处理12周。然后分析代谢参数、肠道微生物组成和粪便短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的产生。在16周龄时，HBG喂养小鼠的体重增加和脂肪量低于对照小鼠。此外，在常规条件下，HBG喂养的小鼠中肠道激素PYY和GLP-1的分泌增加，从而通过改变肠道微生物群和增加SCFA（特别是丁酸盐）来减少食物摄入并改善胰岛素敏感性。在GF条件下，HBG喂养的小鼠中的这些作用被消除。此外，HFB饮食也增加了PYY和GLP-1的分泌，并减少食物摄入量相比，在HFC喂养的小鼠。这些结果表明，大麦BG的有益代谢作用主要是由于抑制食欲和改善胰岛素敏感性，这是由肠道微生物产生的SCFA促进的肠道激素分泌诱导的。
Dietary intake of barley β-glucan (BG) is known to affect energy metabolism. However, its underlying mechanism remains poorly understood because studies have presented inconsistent results, with both positive and negative effects reported in terms of satiety, energy intake, weight loss, and glycemic control. The objective of this study was to clarify the physiological role underlying the metabolic benefits of barley BG using a mouse model of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Male 4-wk-old C57BL/6J mice were fed an HFD with 20% barley flour containing either high BG (HBG; 2% BG) or low BG (LBG; 0.6% BG) levels under conventional and germ-free (GF) conditions for 12 wks. In addition, mice were fed either an HFD with 5% cellulose (HFC; high fiber cellulose) or 5% barley BG (HFB; high fiber β-glucan) for 12 wks. Then, metabolic parameters, gut microbial compositions, and the production of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were analyzed. The weight gain and fat mass of HBG-fed mice were lower than those of control mice at 16-wk-old. Moreover, the secretion of the gut hormones PYY and GLP-1 increased in HBG-fed mice, thereby reducing food intake and improving insulin sensitivity by changing the gut microbiota and increasing SCFAs (especially, butyrate) under conventional condition. These effects in HBG-fed mice were abolished under GF conditions. Moreover, the HFB diets also increased PYY and GLP-1 secretion, and decreased food intake compared with that in HFC-fed mice. These results suggest that the beneficial metabolic effects of barley BG are primary due to the suppression of appetite and improvement of insulin sensitivity, which are induced by gut hormone secretion promoted via gut microbiota-produced SCFAs.