Longitudinal analyses of childhood growth: evidence from Project Koshu.
Longitudinal analyses of childhood growth: evidence from Project Koshu.
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DOI：
10.2188/jea.je20140130
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Suzuki K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suzuki K
最近，有人提出胎儿和婴儿的环境与儿童和成人的健康状况有关，特别是关于肥胖和慢性病的存在。这个概念被称为“健康和疾病的发育起源(DOHAD)假说”。因此，有必要收集有关胎儿和婴儿期的信息，以检查胎儿和婴儿期暴露与以后生长之间的联系。根据DOHaD假说，多水平分析所描述的童年成长轨迹在检验早期生活环境对晚年健康的影响方面可能是重要的。作者和同事使用了一项正在进行的前瞻性队列研究的数据集，研究了怀孕期间母亲吸烟与胎儿/儿童发育之间的关系，特别是儿童肥胖的风险，该研究从日本农村地区招募了孕妇和她们的孩子。与不吸烟母亲的孩子相比，吸烟母亲所生的孩子出生体重可能较低，此后体重指数有所增加。然后，研究了不同性别和儿童体重状况的青春期发育模式的差异。不同性别之间的生长速度和身高增长轨迹相似，尽管女孩比男孩更早观察到青春期生长激增。在青春期早期，超重/肥胖儿童比非超重儿童生长更快，非超重儿童迎头赶上，在较大年龄表现出更大的身高增长。由于Koshu项目正在进行中，将使用更大的样本量进行进一步的研究，以检查新的研究问题。
Recently, it has been suggested that fetal and infant environments are associated with childhood and adulthood health status, specifically regarding presence of obesity and chronic diseases. This concept is known as the “Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis.” Thus, it is necessary to collect information about the fetal and infancy periods in order to examine the association between fetal and infancy exposures and later growth. Based on the DOHaD hypothesis, childhood growth trajectories, which were described by multilevel analysis, might be important in examining the effects of early-life environment on later-life health. The author and colleagues examined the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and fetal/childhood growth, specifically risk of childhood obesity, by using the dataset from an ongoing prospective cohort study called “Project Koshu,” which enrolled pregnant women and their children from a rural area of Japan. Children born to smoking mothers were likely to have lower birth weights and, thereafter, to show an increase in body mass index compared to children of non-smoking mothers. Differences in pubertal growth patterns by gender and childhood weight status were then examined. Growth rate and height gain trajectories were similar between genders, although pubertal growth spurts were observed earlier in girls than in boys. The overweight/obese children grew faster than did the non-overweight children in the early pubertal stages, and the non-overweight children caught up and showed greater height gains at older ages. Because Project Koshu is ongoing, further studies examining new research questions will be conducted with larger sample sizes.