Dietary sodium intake and subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease in overweight adults
Dietary sodium intake and subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease in overweight adults
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.282.21.2027
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发表时间：
1999-12-01
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Whelton, PK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He, JA;Ogden, LG;Whelton, PK
背景膳食钠与血压正相关，生态学和动物研究均表明，高膳食钠摄入增加中风死亡率。目的研究超重和非超重人群与膳食钠摄入相关的心血管疾病风险。设计前瞻性队列研究。1982-1984年、1986年、1987年和1992年进行的调查。参与者1971-1975年进行调查时年龄在25岁至74岁之间的人（14 407人），共2688名超重者和6797名非超重者被纳入分析。主要结果测量膳食钠和能量摄入量，使用单一24小时饮食回忆法在基线时估计。心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率数据来自医疗记录和死亡certifications.Results超重和非超重的人，在平均19年的随访中，记录在案的病例总数如下：680例卒中事件（210例致死性）、1727例冠心病事件（614例致死性）、895例心血管疾病死亡和2486例全因死亡。在平均能量摄入量为7452 kJ的超重人群中，钠摄入量增加100 mmol与脑卒中发病率增加32%（相对危险度[RR]，1.32; 95%可信区间[CI]，1.07-1.64; P = .01）、89%（RR，1.89; 95% CI，1.31-2.74; P = .01）和10%（相对危险度[RR]，1.32; 95%可信区间[CI]，1.07 - 1.64; P =.01）相关。
Context Dietary sodium is positively associated with blood pressure, and ecological and animal studies both have suggested that high dietary sodium intake increases stroke mortality.Objective To examine the risk of cardiovascular disease associated with dietary sodium intake in overweight and nonoverweight persons.Design Prospective cohort study.Setting The first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Follow-up Study, conducted in 1982-1984, 1986, 1987, and 1992.Participants Of those aged 25 to 74 years when the survey was conducted in 1971-1975 (14 407 participants), a total of 2688 overweight and 6797 nonoverweight persons were included in the analysis.Main outcome Measures Dietary sodium and energy intake were estimated at baseline using a single 24-hour dietary recall method. Incidence and mortality data for cardiovascular disease were obtained from medical records and death certificates.Results For overweight and nonoverweight persons, over an average of 19 years of follow-up, the total number of documented cases were as follows: 680 stroke events (210 fatal), 1727 coronary heart disease events (614 fatal), 895 cardiovascular disease deaths, and 2486 deaths from all causes. Among overweight persons with an average energy intake of 7452 kJ, a 100 mmol higher sodium intake was associated with a 32% increase (relative risk [RR], 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.64; P = .01) in stroke incidence, 89% increase (RR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.31-2.74; P