Diversity of Pico- to Mesoplankton along the 2000 km Salinity Gradient of the Baltic Sea.
Diversity of Pico- to Mesoplankton along the 2000 km Salinity Gradient of the Baltic Sea.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2016.00679
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Andersson AF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu YO;Karlson B;Charvet S;Andersson AF
浮游微生物是海洋和淡水生态系统的生产基础，是全球碳和营养物质生物地球化学循环的关键驱动力。浮游生物的多样性是巨大的，代表了生命的三个领域内的所有主要门。到目前为止，浮游生物监测主要是基于显微镜鉴定，其灵敏度和再现性有限，尤其是因为在光学显微镜下无法识别浮游生物的数量。分类标记基因的高通量测序提供了一种手段，以确定传统方法无法进入的类群，因此，最近的研究揭示了浮游生物的广泛的以前未知的多样性。在这里，我们进行了超深Illumina测序（平均105个序列/样品）的rRNA基因扩增子的地表水真核生物和细菌浮游生物群落采样在夏季沿着2000公里的横断面以下的波罗的海的盐度梯度。群落组成与盐度的细菌和真核浮游生物的组合，突出了盐度的重要性，构建在这个生态系统的生物多样性。相比之下，没有明确的趋势，α多样性的细菌或真核生物群落可以检测到沿着样带。主要的浮游生物类群的分布遵循预期的模式，在监测方案中观察到，但组新的波罗的海也被确定，如亲属的球石藻Emiliana huxleyi检测在波罗的海北方。这项研究提供了第一个超深测序为基础的调查真核生物和细菌浮游生物在波罗的海。
Microbial plankton form the productive base of both marine and freshwater ecosystems and are key drivers of global biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nutrients. Plankton diversity is immense with representations from all major phyla within the three domains of life. So far, plankton monitoring has mainly been based on microscopic identification, which has limited sensitivity and reproducibility, not least because of the numerical majority of plankton being unidentifiable under the light microscope. High-throughput sequencing of taxonomic marker genes offers a means to identify taxa inaccessible by traditional methods; thus, recent studies have unveiled an extensive previously unknown diversity of plankton. Here, we conducted ultra-deep Illumina sequencing (average 105 sequences/sample) of rRNA gene amplicons of surface water eukaryotic and bacterial plankton communities sampled in summer along a 2000 km transect following the salinity gradient of the Baltic Sea. Community composition was strongly correlated with salinity for both bacterial and eukaryotic plankton assemblages, highlighting the importance of salinity for structuring the biodiversity within this ecosystem. In contrast, no clear trends in alpha-diversity for bacterial or eukaryotic communities could be detected along the transect. The distribution of major planktonic taxa followed expected patterns as observed in monitoring programs, but groups novel to the Baltic Sea were also identified, such as relatives to the coccolithophore Emiliana huxleyi detected in the northern Baltic Sea. This study provides the first ultra-deep sequencing-based survey on eukaryotic and bacterial plankton biogeography in the Baltic Sea.