Malignant catarrhal fever-like disease in Barbary red deer (Cervus elaphus barbarus) naturally infected with a virus resembling alcelaphine herpesvirus 2
Malignant catarrhal fever-like disease in Barbary red deer (Cervus elaphus barbarus) naturally infected with a virus resembling alcelaphine herpesvirus 2
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DOI：
10.1128/jcm.40.9.3381-3390.2002
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发表时间：
2002-09-01
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Schrenzel, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klieforth, R;Maalouf, G;Schrenzel, M
8只马鹿(Cervus Elaffus Barbarus)在28天的时间里出现了提示恶性卡他热(MCF)的临床症状。这些动物与其他四种反刍动物一起被关在户外。感染的马鹿出现嗜睡、眼部症状和流鼻液，并在48小时内被安乐死。病变包括口鼻、嘴唇和口腔溃疡，并伴有中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞的浸润物。在血清学上，在疫情爆发期间检测的7头马鹿中，有6头通过竞争性酶联免疫吸附试验对一种共享的MCF病毒抗原的抗体呈阳性。使用针对疱疹病毒1型(AlHV-1)和2型(AlHV-2)的保守蛋白以及疱疹病毒DNA聚合酶基因的保守区设计的寡核苷酸引物，对所有8只临床感染动物的组织都是阳性的，而对8只没有MCF临床症状的马鹿组织中的8只马鹿是阴性的。对病鹿的DNA序列分析表明，它们感染了一种与AlHV-2密切相关的新型疱疹病毒；用多克隆抗AlHV-2血清进行免疫组织化学和原位杂交，证实了病毒存在于患病动物口腔病变附近的唾液腺中。随后对疫情爆发附近的其他反刍动物的调查显示，与患病马鹿共居的正常杰克逊哈士马(Alcelaphus Buselaffus Jacksoni)感染了相同的病毒，并通过鼻部排泄物排放病毒。这些发现表明，一种与AlHV-2密切相关的疱疹病毒导致了类似MCF的疾病在巴巴里马鹿中流行，该病毒可能起源于杰克逊的哈特比尔。
Eight Barbary red deer (Cervus elaphus barbarus) developed clinical signs suggestive of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) over a 28-day period. These animals were housed outdoors with four other species of ruminants. Affected red deer had lethargy, ocular signs, and nasal discharge and were euthanatized within 48 h. Lesions included ulcers of the muzzle, lips, and oral cavity associated with infiltrates of neutrophils and lymphocytes. Serologically, six of seven red deer tested during the outbreak were positive by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies to a shared MCF virus antigen. PCR using oligonucleotide primers designed for a conserved protein of alcelaphine herpesviruses 1 (AlHV-1) and 2 (AlHV-2) and for conserved regions of a herpesvirus DNA polymerase gene was positive for tissues from all eight clinically affected animals and negative for eight out of eight red deer without clinical signs of MCF. DNA sequencing of PCR amplicons from the diseased red deer indicated that they were infected with a novel herpesvirus closely related to AlHV-2; immunohistochemistry using polyclonal anti-AlHV-2 serum and in situ hybridization demonstrated the presence of virus within salivary glands adjacent to oral lesions of affected animals. A survey of other ruminants near the outbreak subsequently showed that normal Jackson's hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus jacksoni) that were cohoused with the diseased red deer were infected with the same virus and were shedding the virus in nasal excretions. These findings suggest that a herpesvirus closely related to AlHV-2 caused the MCF-like disease epizootic in Barbary red deer and that the virus may have originated from Jackson's hartebeest.