The cost of growing large: costs of post-weaning growth on body mass senescence in a wild mammal
The cost of growing large: costs of post-weaning growth on body mass senescence in a wild mammal
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DOI：
10.1111/oik.04421
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lemaitre, Jean-Francois
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Douhard, Frederic;Gaillard, Jean-Michel;Lemaitre, Jean-Francois
个体的体重通常与生存和繁殖成功率呈正相关，而在野生脊椎动物中很少检测到大型的健身成本。成年人的体重随着年龄的增长而逐渐下降的证据在哺乳动物种群中不断积累。快速增长到一个大的身体可以增加一生中积累的细胞损伤，导致生命早期的身体增长与身体质量衰老的速度呈负相关。此外，群体衰老的发生可能强烈依赖于性别特异性生殖策略和环境条件。因此，评估随着年龄增长体重下降的时间和速度提供了一个机会，以寻找快速增长的成本，特别是在生命早期的不良开端之后，在两性和不同的环境中。使用一个独特的数据集，包括30年的纵向数据收集的特定年龄的身体质量在两个roeer Capreolus capreolus人口进行对比的环境条件下，我们寻找潜在的成本高断奶后的增长率在陡峭的身体质量衰老率。我们对体重衰老的分析说明了衰老发生的潜在变化，并允许对性别和人群之间的这一变量进行明确比较。在生长期后期（断奶后）较高的生长速率与体重衰老的速率较陡相关，无论早期质量（断奶前获得）如何，但在不同程度上取决于性别和环境条件。体重衰老发生在男性比女性早，特别是在人口面临的资源有限。在野外，虽然重的个体通常比小的个体生存得更好，但在生长期后期变大的代价只有在生命后期通过大规模衰老才变得明显。
Individual body mass often positively correlates with survival and reproductive success, whereas fitness costs of growing large are rarely detected in vertebrates in the wild. Evidence that adult body mass progressively declines with increasing age is accumulating across mammalian populations. Growing fast to a large body can increase the cellular damage accumulated throughout life, leading body growth in early life to be negatively associated with the rate of body mass senescence. Moreover, the onset of mass senescence may strongly depend on both sex-specific reproductive tactics and environmental conditions. Assessing the timing and the rate of body mass decline with increasing age thus offers an opportunity to look for costs of having grown fast, especially after a poor start during early life, in both sexes and in different environments. Using a unique dataset including 30 years of longitudinal data on age-specific body mass collected in two roe deer Capreolus capreolus populations subjected to contrasted environmental conditions, we looked for potential costs of high post-weaning growth rate in terms of steeper rate of body mass senescence. Our analyses of body mass senescence accounted for the potential variation in the onset of senescence and allowed explicit comparisons of this variable between sexes and populations. Higher growth rates late in the growing period (after weaning) were associated with a steeper rate of body mass senescence, regardless of early mass (gained before weaning), but at different extents depending on sex and environmental conditions. Body mass senescence occurred earlier in males than in females, especially in the population facing limiting resources. In the wild, although heavy individuals generally survive better than small ones, the costs of growing large late in the growing period only became apparent late in life through mass senescence.