Discrimination, Attribution, and Racial Group Identification: Implications for Psychological Distress Among Black Americans in the National Survey of American Life (2001-2003)
Discrimination, Attribution, and Racial Group Identification: Implications for Psychological Distress Among Black Americans in the National Survey of American Life (2001-2003)
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1939-0025.2011.01122.x
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Jackson, James S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chae, David H.;Lincoln, Karen D.;Jackson, James S.
越来越多的证据表明，遭受歧视可能会导致美国黑人的心理健康状况不佳。然而，很少有研究区分种族歧视与其他形式的歧视，或比较其心理含义的差异。本研究利用2001-2003年美国生活全国调查（NSAL）中5191名美国黑人的全国代表性数据，研究了种族歧视与非种族歧视之间的严重心理困扰（SPD）关系，并调查了种族群体认同是否可能起到缓冲作用。我们发现，无论原因如何，歧视都与SPD的可能性增加有关。与非种族原因相比，在每个歧视水平上，种族归因与SPD的几率更高。高度的种族群体认同缓冲了中等程度的种族歧视和非种族歧视的负面影响。我们的研究结果为歧视对美国黑人SPD的负面影响提供了证据，并表明高度的种族群体认同可能在一定程度上减轻他们的负面心理健康影响。我们的研究表明，应该解决歧视和种族群体认同问题，以保护美国黑人免受心理困扰。
There is increasing evidence that experiencing discrimination may contribute to poor mental health among Black Americans. However, few studies have distinguished between discrimination attributed to race versus other forms of discrimination or have compared differences in their psychological implications. Using nationally representative data on 5,191 Black Americans in the National Survey of American Life (NSAL; 2001-2003), this study examined serious psychological distress (SPD) in relation to discrimination attributed to racial versus nonracial causes and also investigated whether racial group identification may be a buffer. We found that discrimination was associated with greater odds of SPD, regardless of attribution. Racial attributions were associated with higher odds of SPD compared with attributions to nonracial causes for each level of discrimination. High racial group identification buffered the negative effect of moderate levels of both racially and nonracially attributed discrimination. Our results provide evidence for the negative influence of discrimination on SPD among Black Americans and indicate that high racial group identification may somewhat mitigate their negative mental health effects. Our study suggests that discrimination and racial group identification should be addressed to protect against psychological distress among Black Americans.