Age influences on multi-dimensional set switching
Age influences on multi-dimensional set switching
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DOI：
10.1076/anec.11.1.25.29360
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Kramer, AF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hahn, S;Andersen, GJ;Kramer, AF
使用任务切换范式，我们研究了年龄对切换成本的影响，并将其作为待切换集合数量的函数。在实验1中，年轻和年长的受试者通过移动操纵杆或按下操纵杆上的按钮来判断电脑屏幕上显示的物体的颜色或形状。通过切换试验（任务集切换、响应集切换和双切换）和非切换试验之间的差异来评估切换成本。与预测年龄会对双开关试验的性能产生负面影响相反，仅在单开关试验（即响应集开关条件）中观察到年龄对开关成本的影响。此外，年轻人和老年人都能够同时准备任务和反应集转换。在实验2中，我们操纵了准备任务和响应集切换的可用时间。年轻人和老年人都能够利用额外的时间来减少转换成本。此外，在实验一中发现的响应集切换的年龄缺陷在第二个实验中被消除，在第二个实验中，任务准备和响应集切换被暂时解耦。这些数据在整个成人生命周期的任务成分协调方面进行了讨论。
Using a task switching paradigm, we investigated age effects on switch costs as a function of the number of sets to be switched. In Experiment 1, younger and older subjects determined a color or shape of an object presented on the computer screen, responding either by moving the joystick or by pressing a button on the joystick. The switch costs were assessed with differences between switch trials (task-set switch, response-set switch, and double switch) and non-switch trials. Contrary to the prediction that age would negatively influence performance on the double switch trials, age effects on switch costs were observed only for the single switch trials (i.e., response-set switch condition). Additionally, both younger and older adults were capable of preparing for task and response-set switches in parallel. In Experiment 2, we manipulated the time available to prepare for a task and response-set switch. Both younger and older adults were able to utilize extra time to reduce switch costs. Furthermore, the age deficit found in Experiment I for response-set switching was eliminated in the second experiment in which preparation for task and response-set switching was temporally decoupled. The data are discussed in terms of task component coordination across the adult lifespan.