Spectral Sensitivity and Spectral Resolution of Superconducting Single-Photon Detectors
Spectral Sensitivity and Spectral Resolution of Superconducting Single-Photon Detectors
复制标题
超导单光子探测器的光谱灵敏度和光谱分辨率
DOI：
10.1109/tasc.2007.898713
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Andrey Smirnov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Philipp Haas;Alexei Semenov;H. Hübers;Jörn Beyer;Alexander Kirste;T. Schurig;Konstantin Il;Michael Siegel;A. Engel;Andrey Smirnov
基于5 nm的B1NbN纳米条的弯曲形成的单光子探测器显示出中等的光谱分辨率，并且在近红外光谱范围内出现量子效率的光谱截止。在截止范围之外，量子效率会逐渐降低。为了描述截止范围以外的响应，我们将先前发展的热点探测机制与出现在Kosterlitz-Thouless相变下方的超导薄膜中的涡旋-反涡旋对的光子诱导解绑结合起来。探测器通过电压脉冲响应单个光子的吸收，电压脉冲的幅度取决于光子能量。我们报告了对定义探测器能量分辨率的脉冲幅度的依赖于光子能量的统计分布的观测。我们使用宽带微波放大器和快速单次示波器以及集成SQUID放大器分析了探测器对连续和飞秒脉冲辐射的响应。我们的分析表明，响应脉冲的幅度和持续时间都是通过弯曲线的动感和弯曲中由偏置电流消耗的焦耳功率共同控制的。
Single photon detectors based on meanders from 5-nm thin B1 niobium nitride nanostrips show moderate spectral resolution along with the spectral cut-off of the quantum efficiency occurring in the near-infrared spectral range. Beyond the cut-off there is a gradual decrease of the quantum efficiency. To describe the response beyond the cut-off we combine the previously developed hot-spot detection mechanism with the photon-induced unbinding of the vortex-antivortex pairs, which appear in the superconducting film below the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition. The detector responds to the absorption of a single photon with a voltage pulse whose amplitude depends on the photon energy. We report the observation of a photon-energy dependent statistical distribution of the pulse amplitude that defines the energy resolution of the detector. We analyzed the detector response to continuous and femtosecond-pulse radiation using broadband microwave amplifiers and a fast single-shot oscilloscope as well as integrating SQUID amplifiers. Our analysis suggests that both the amplitude and the duration of the response pulses are jointly controlled via the kinetic inductance of the meander line and the Joule power dissipated in the meander by the bias current.