Applications of the disaster risk reduction approach to migration influenced by environmental change
Applications of the disaster risk reduction approach to migration influenced by environmental change
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envsci.2012.10.005
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发表时间：
2013-03
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
A. Collins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Collins
本文考虑应用减少灾害风险（DRR）的原则和运作机制，迁移受环境变化的影响。众所周知，减少灾害风险包括通过适应和复原力建设来应对风险、福祉和安全方面的变化。然而，迄今为止，尚未对这一原则如何适用于受环境变化影响的移徙问题进行深入分析。这是一个多部门和跨学科的领域，对环境变化和移徙的解释和随后的反应涉及技术、民间社会参与和政治承诺。本文提出的影响，对移民的影响，从DRR原则的预防，缓解和事后响应明显的环境变化的反应。DRR的四个运行机制也被认为是。它们是早期预警、风险管理、改进沟通和使用适当的反应标准。这些减少灾害风险原则和运作机制在应对受环境变化影响的移徙方面的适用性和有效性取决于灾害的不确定性和潜在影响。对于那些迁移、东道或留守的人来说，防灾或减灾涉及以社区为基础的风险减少、复原力建设、权利方法以及作为适应的移徙。因此，将减少灾害风险应用于受环境变化影响的移徙，突出了采用本地化战略和福祉愿望的重要性，以及了解人道主义反应在维护权利和可持续发展成果方面的局限性的重要性。虽然减少灾害风险原则的发展可能会分析框架潜在的环境移民的反应，有持续的理论和应用的挑战，在这种关系。
This paper considers applications of disaster risk reduction (DRR) principles and operating mechanisms to migration influenced by environmental change. It is well established that DRR addresses change in risk, well-being and security including through adaptation and resilience building. However, the manner in which this applies to migration influenced by environmental change has to date not been well analysed. This is a multi-sectoral and inter-disciplinary field for which interpretation and consequent reactions to environmental change and migration involves technology, civil societal engagement, and political commitment. The paper presents implications for reacting to migration influenced by environmental change apparent from DRR principles of prevention, mitigation and post event response. Four operating mechanisms of DRR are also considered. They are early warning, risk management, improved communication and the use of appropriate response standards. The applicability and efficacy of these DRR principles and operating mechanisms for reacting to migration influenced by environmental change are conditioned by hazard uncertainty and potential impact. Disaster prevention or mitigation for those who move, host or stay behind involves community based risk reduction, resilience building, rights approaches, and migration as adaptation. The application of DRR to migration influenced by environmental change therefore highlights the importance of engaging localised strategies and well-being aspirations, and of knowing the limitations of humanitarian response in upholding rights and sustainable development outcomes. Whilst the development of DRR principles may analytically frame potential environmental migration responses, there are ongoing theoretical and applied challenges in this relationship.