IMPACT OF FOOD AND PREDATION ON THE SNOWSHOE HARE CYCLE
IMPACT OF FOOD AND PREDATION ON THE SNOWSHOE HARE CYCLE
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DOI：
10.1126/science.269.5227.1112
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发表时间：
1995-08-25
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
TURKINGTON, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KREBS, CJ;BOUTIN, S;TURKINGTON, R
北美北部森林中的雪鞋兔种群经历了10年的周期。在育空地区，在1平方公里的面积上，用析因设计对补充食物和哺乳动物捕食者的丰度进行了8年的控制。对两块森林进行了施肥，以测试其营养效应。在循环高峰和下降期间，捕食者围栏增加了一倍，食物添加使兔密度增加了两倍。捕食者围栏与食物添加相结合，密度增加了11倍。添加营养物质可以增加植物的生长，但不能增加兔子的密度。食物和捕食一起产生的不仅仅是相加的效应，这表明三个营养水平的相互作用产生了兔子的循环。
Snowshoe hare populations in the boreal forests of North America go through 10-year cycles. Supplemental food and mammalian predator abundance were manipulated in a factorial design on 1-square-kilometer areas for 8 years in the Yukon. Two blocks of forest were fertilized to test for nutrient effects. Predator exclosure doubled and food addition tripled hare density during the cyclic peak and decline. Predator exclosure combined with food addition increased density 11-fold. Added nutrients increased plant growth but not hare density. Food and predation together had a more than additive effect, which suggests that a three-trophic-level interaction generates hare cycles.