Institutional Racism and Pregnancy Health: Using Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Data to Develop an Index for Mortgage Discrimination at the Community Level
Institutional Racism and Pregnancy Health: Using Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Data to Develop an Index for Mortgage Discrimination at the Community Level
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/00333549111260s315
复制
发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Culhane, Jennifer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mendez, Dara D.;Hogan, Vijaya K.;Culhane, Jennifer
目标.我们使用住房抵押贷款披露法案（HMDA）的数据来展示一种方法，用于构建住宅红线指数来衡量社区层面的制度性种族主义。我们研究了该指数的应用，以了解健康不公平的社会背景，通过应用住宅红线指数在费城的一个队列的孕妇。我们使用1999-2004年的HMDA数据为宾夕法尼亚州费城县的每个人口普查区创建住宅红线指数。我们将红线指数与妊娠队列研究和2000年人口普查的数据联系起来。我们在空间上绘制了这个怀孕队列的每个人口普查区域的红线水平，并测试了住宅红线和其他社区层面的隔离措施和个人健康之间的关联。从1999年到2004年，宾夕法尼亚州费城县的黑人种族/族裔的贷款申请人被拒绝抵押贷款的可能性几乎是白色申请人的两倍（例如，1999年比值比[OR] = 2.00，95%置信区间[CI] 1.63，2.28; 2004年OR=2.26，95% CI 1.98，2.58）。大多数（77.5%）的妊娠队列居住在红线区，居住在红线区的种族/民族之间存在显著差异（p
Objectives. We used Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data to demonstrate a method for constructing a residential redlining index to measure institutional racism at the community level. We examined the application of the index to understand the social context of health inequities by applying the residential redlining index among a cohort of pregnant women in Philadelphia.Methods. We used HMDA data from 1999-2004 to create residential redlining indices for each census tract in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. We linked the redlining indices to data from a pregnancy cohort study and the 2000 Census. We spatially mapped the levels of redlining for each census tract for this pregnancy cohort and tested the association between residential redlining and other community-level measures of segregation and individual health.Results. From 1999-2004, loan applicants in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, of black race/ethnicity were almost two times as likely to be denied a mortgage loan compared with applicants who were white (e.g., 1999 odds ratio [OR] = 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.63, 2.28; and 2004 OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.98, 2.58). The majority (77.5%) of the pregnancy cohort resided in redlined neighborhoods, and there were significant differences in residence in redlined areas by race/ethnicity (p