Exosomes and their cargo are important regulators of cell function in endometriosis
Exosomes and their cargo are important regulators of cell function in endometriosis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.05.022
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发表时间：
2021-09-20
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Foster, Warren (George)
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freger, Shay;Leonardi, Mathew;Foster, Warren (George)
子宫内膜异位症是一种慢性雌激素依赖性妇科疾病，其特征是非经期盆腔疼痛、不孕以及子宫内膜样腺体和间质在宫外生长。人们已经注意到，患有子宫内膜异位症的女性的在位子宫内膜在功能上与没有子宫内膜异位症的女性不同。此外，异位子宫内膜在功能上与子宫内膜异位症女性的在位子宫内膜不同。然而，导致这些差异的机制尚不明确。这里提出，称为外泌体的小膜结合细胞外囊泡是保护和运输信号分子的重要载体，而信号分子对于子宫内膜异位症女性的子宫内膜功能失调至关重要。因此，对将外泌体及其货物与子宫内膜异位症病理学联系起来的文献进行了严格审查。循环腹膜液和子宫内膜细胞外泌体含有长链非编码RNA、miRNA和参与组蛋白修饰、血管生成和免疫调节的蛋白质，与对照组相比，这些在子宫内膜异位症女性中存在显着差异。此外，实验证据支持外泌体及其货物在血管生成、神经发生、免疫调节和子宫内膜基质细胞侵袭中的作用。因此表明外泌体在子宫内膜异位症的病理生理学中发挥重要作用。
Endometriosis is a chronic oestrogen-dependent gynaecological disorder characterized by non-menstrual pelvic pain, infertility and the extrauterine growth of endometrial-like glands and stroma. It has been noted that the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis is functionally distinct from that of women without endometriosis. Moreover, ectopic endometrial implants are functionally different from the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. However, the mechanisms directing these differences are ill-defined. It is proposed here that small membrane-bound extracellular vesicles called exosomes are important vehicles in the protection and transport of signalling molecules central to the dysregulation of endometrial function in women with endometriosis. Therefore, a critical review of the literature linking exosomes and their cargo to the pathobiology of endometriosis was conducted. Circulating peritoneal fluid and endometrial cell exosomes contained long non-coding RNA, miRNA and proteins involved in histone modification, angiogenesis and immune modulation that differed significantly in women with endometriosis compared with controls. Moreover, experimental evidence supports a role for exosomes and their cargo in angiogenesis, neurogenesis, immune modulation and endometrial stromal cell invasion. It is therefore suggested that exosomes play an important role in the pathophysiology of endometriosis.